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| 1 | /* | ||
| 2 | * Copyright (c) 1997, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | ||
| 3 | * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER. | ||
| 4 | * | ||
| 5 | * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it | ||
| 6 | * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as | ||
| 7 | * published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this | ||
| 8 | * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided | ||
| 9 | * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code. | ||
| 10 | * | ||
| 11 | * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT | ||
| 12 | * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or | ||
| 13 | * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License | ||
| 14 | * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that | ||
| 15 | * accompanied this code). | ||
| 16 | * | ||
| 17 | * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version | ||
| 18 | * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, | ||
| 19 | * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. | ||
| 20 | * | ||
| 21 | * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA | ||
| 22 | * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any | ||
| 23 | * questions. | ||
| 24 | */ | ||
| 25 | |||
| 26 | package java.util; | ||
| 27 | |||
| 28 | /** | ||
| 29 | * This exception may be thrown by methods that have detected concurrent | ||
| 30 | * modification of an object when such modification is not permissible. | ||
| 31 | * <p> | ||
| 32 | * For example, it is not generally permissible for one thread to modify a Collection | ||
| 33 | * while another thread is iterating over it. In general, the results of the | ||
| 34 | * iteration are undefined under these circumstances. Some Iterator | ||
| 35 | * implementations (including those of all the general purpose collection implementations | ||
| 36 | * provided by the JRE) may choose to throw this exception if this behavior is | ||
| 37 | * detected. Iterators that do this are known as <i>fail-fast</i> iterators, | ||
| 38 | * as they fail quickly and cleanly, rather that risking arbitrary, | ||
| 39 | * non-deterministic behavior at an undetermined time in the future. | ||
| 40 | * <p> | ||
| 41 | * Note that this exception does not always indicate that an object has | ||
| 42 | * been concurrently modified by a <i>different</i> thread. If a single | ||
| 43 | * thread issues a sequence of method invocations that violates the | ||
| 44 | * contract of an object, the object may throw this exception. For | ||
| 45 | * example, if a thread modifies a collection directly while it is | ||
| 46 | * iterating over the collection with a fail-fast iterator, the iterator | ||
| 47 | * will throw this exception. | ||
| 48 | * | ||
| 49 | * <p>Note that fail-fast behavior cannot be guaranteed as it is, generally | ||
| 50 | * speaking, impossible to make any hard guarantees in the presence of | ||
| 51 | * unsynchronized concurrent modification. Fail-fast operations | ||
| 52 | * throw {@code ConcurrentModificationException} on a best-effort basis. | ||
| 53 | * Therefore, it would be wrong to write a program that depended on this | ||
| 54 | * exception for its correctness: <i>{@code ConcurrentModificationException} | ||
| 55 | * should be used only to detect bugs.</i> | ||
| 56 | * | ||
| 57 | * @author Josh Bloch | ||
| 58 | * @see Collection | ||
| 59 | * @see Iterator | ||
| 60 | * @see ListIterator | ||
| 61 | * @see Vector | ||
| 62 | * @see LinkedList | ||
| 63 | * @see HashSet | ||
| 64 | * @see Hashtable | ||
| 65 | * @see TreeMap | ||
| 66 | * @see AbstractList | ||
| 67 | * @since 1.2 | ||
| 68 | */ | ||
| 69 | public class ConcurrentModificationException extends RuntimeException { | ||
| 70 | private static final long serialVersionUID = -3666751008965953603L; | ||
| 71 | |||
| 72 | /** | ||
| 73 | * Constructs a ConcurrentModificationException with no | ||
| 74 | * detail message. | ||
| 75 | */ | ||
| 76 | public ConcurrentModificationException() { | ||
| 77 | } | ||
| 78 | |||
| 79 | /** | ||
| 80 | * Constructs a {@code ConcurrentModificationException} with the | ||
| 81 | * specified detail message. | ||
| 82 | * | ||
| 83 | * @param message the detail message pertaining to this exception. | ||
| 84 | */ | ||
| 85 | public ConcurrentModificationException(String message) { | ||
| 86 | super(message); | ||
| 87 | } | ||
| 88 | |||
| 89 | /** | ||
| 90 | * Constructs a new exception with the specified cause and a detail | ||
| 91 | * message of {@code (cause==null ? null : cause.toString())} (which | ||
| 92 | * typically contains the class and detail message of {@code cause}. | ||
| 93 | * | ||
| 94 | * @param cause the cause (which is saved for later retrieval by the | ||
| 95 | * {@link Throwable#getCause()} method). (A {@code null} value is | ||
| 96 | * permitted, and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or | ||
| 97 | * unknown.) | ||
| 98 | * @since 1.7 | ||
| 99 | */ | ||
| 100 | public ConcurrentModificationException(Throwable cause) { | ||
| 101 | super(cause); | ||
| 102 | } | ||
| 103 | |||
| 104 | /** | ||
| 105 | * Constructs a new exception with the specified detail message and | ||
| 106 | * cause. | ||
| 107 | * | ||
| 108 | * <p>Note that the detail message associated with <code>cause</code> is | ||
| 109 | * <i>not</i> automatically incorporated in this exception's detail | ||
| 110 | * message. | ||
| 111 | * | ||
| 112 | * @param message the detail message (which is saved for later retrieval | ||
| 113 | * by the {@link Throwable#getMessage()} method). | ||
| 114 | * @param cause the cause (which is saved for later retrieval by the | ||
| 115 | * {@link Throwable#getCause()} method). (A {@code null} value | ||
| 116 | * is permitted, and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or | ||
| 117 | * unknown.) | ||
| 118 | * @since 1.7 | ||
| 119 | */ | ||
| 120 | public ConcurrentModificationException(String message, Throwable cause) { | ||
| 121 | super(message, cause); | ||
| 122 | } | ||
| 123 | } | ||