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| 1 | +/* | |
| 2 | + * Copyright (c) 2008, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | |
| 3 | + * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER. | |
| 4 | + * | |
| 5 | + * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it | |
| 6 | + * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as | |
| 7 | + * published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this | |
| 8 | + * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided | |
| 9 | + * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code. | |
| 10 | + * | |
| 11 | + * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT | |
| 12 | + * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or | |
| 13 | + * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License | |
| 14 | + * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that | |
| 15 | + * accompanied this code). | |
| 16 | + * | |
| 17 | + * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version | |
| 18 | + * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, | |
| 19 | + * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. | |
| 20 | + * | |
| 21 | + * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA | |
| 22 | + * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any | |
| 23 | + * questions. | |
| 24 | + */ | |
| 25 | + | |
| 26 | +package sun.invoke.anon; | |
| 27 | + | |
| 28 | +import java.io.IOException; | |
| 29 | +import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException; | |
| 30 | +import java.lang.reflect.Method; | |
| 31 | +import sun.misc.IOUtils; | |
| 32 | + | |
| 33 | +/** | |
| 34 | + * Anonymous class loader. Will load any valid classfile, producing | |
| 35 | + * a {@link Class} metaobject, without installing that class in the | |
| 36 | + * system dictionary. Therefore, {@link Class#forName(String)} will never | |
| 37 | + * produce a reference to an anonymous class. | |
| 38 | + * <p> | |
| 39 | + * The access permissions of the anonymous class are borrowed from | |
| 40 | + * a <em>host class</em>. The new class behaves as if it were an | |
| 41 | + * inner class of the host class. It can access the host's private | |
| 42 | + * members, if the creator of the class loader has permission to | |
| 43 | + * do so (or to create accessible reflective objects). | |
| 44 | + * <p> | |
| 45 | + * When the anonymous class is loaded, elements of its constant pool | |
| 46 | + * can be patched to new values. This provides a hook to pre-resolve | |
| 47 | + * named classes in the constant pool to other classes, including | |
| 48 | + * anonymous ones. Also, string constants can be pre-resolved to | |
| 49 | + * any reference. (The verifier treats non-string, non-class reference | |
| 50 | + * constants as plain objects.) | |
| 51 | + * <p> | |
| 52 | + * Why include the patching function? It makes some use cases much easier. | |
| 53 | + * Second, the constant pool needed some internal patching anyway, | |
| 54 | + * to anonymize the loaded class itself. Finally, if you are going | |
| 55 | + * to use this seriously, you'll want to build anonymous classes | |
| 56 | + * on top of pre-existing anonymous classes, and that requires patching. | |
| 57 | + * | |
| 58 | + * <p>%%% TO-DO: | |
| 59 | + * <ul> | |
| 60 | + * <li>needs better documentation</li> | |
| 61 | + * <li>needs more security work (for safe delegation)</li> | |
| 62 | + * <li>needs a clearer story about error processing</li> | |
| 63 | + * <li>patch member references also (use ';' as delimiter char)</li> | |
| 64 | + * <li>patch method references to (conforming) method handles</li> | |
| 65 | + * </ul> | |
| 66 | + * | |
| 67 | + * @author jrose | |
| 68 | + * @author Remi Forax | |
| 69 | + * @see <a href="http://blogs.sun.com/jrose/entry/anonymous_classes_in_the_vm"> | |
| 70 | + * http://blogs.sun.com/jrose/entry/anonymous_classes_in_the_vm</a> | |
| 71 | + */ | |
| 72 | + | |
| 73 | +public class AnonymousClassLoader { | |
| 74 | + final Class<?> hostClass; | |
| 75 | + | |
| 76 | + // Note: Do not refactor the calls to checkHostClass unless you | |
| 77 | + // also adjust this constant: | |
| 78 | + private static int CHC_CALLERS = 3; | |
| 79 | + | |
| 80 | + public AnonymousClassLoader() { | |
| 81 | + this.hostClass = checkHostClass(null); | |
| 82 | + } | |
| 83 | + public AnonymousClassLoader(Class<?> hostClass) { | |
| 84 | + this.hostClass = checkHostClass(hostClass); | |
| 85 | + } | |
| 86 | + | |
| 87 | + private static Class<?> getTopLevelClass(Class<?> clazz) { | |
| 88 | + for(Class<?> outer = clazz.getDeclaringClass(); outer != null; | |
| 89 | + outer = outer.getDeclaringClass()) { | |
| 90 | + clazz = outer; | |
| 91 | + } | |
| 92 | + return clazz; | |
| 93 | + } | |
| 94 | + | |
| 95 | + private static Class<?> checkHostClass(Class<?> hostClass) { | |
| 96 | + // called only from the constructor | |
| 97 | + // does a context-sensitive check on caller class | |
| 98 | + // CC[0..3] = {Reflection, this.checkHostClass, this.<init>, caller} | |
| 99 | + Class<?> caller = sun.reflect.Reflection.getCallerClass(CHC_CALLERS); | |
| 100 | + | |
| 101 | + if (caller == null) { | |
| 102 | + // called from the JVM directly | |
| 103 | + if (hostClass == null) | |
| 104 | + return AnonymousClassLoader.class; // anything central will do | |
| 105 | + return hostClass; | |
| 106 | + } | |
| 107 | + | |
| 108 | + if (hostClass == null) | |
| 109 | + hostClass = caller; // default value is caller itself | |
| 110 | + | |
| 111 | + // anonymous class will access hostClass on behalf of caller | |
| 112 | + Class<?> callee = hostClass; | |
| 113 | + | |
| 114 | + if (caller == callee) | |
| 115 | + // caller can always nominate itself to grant caller's own access rights | |
| 116 | + return hostClass; | |
| 117 | + | |
| 118 | + // normalize caller and callee to their top-level classes: | |
| 119 | + caller = getTopLevelClass(caller); | |
| 120 | + callee = getTopLevelClass(callee); | |
| 121 | + if (caller == callee) | |
| 122 | + return caller; | |
| 123 | + | |
| 124 | + ClassLoader callerCL = caller.getClassLoader(); | |
| 125 | + if (callerCL == null) { | |
| 126 | + // caller is trusted code, so accept the proposed hostClass | |
| 127 | + return hostClass; | |
| 128 | + } | |
| 129 | + | |
| 130 | + // %%% should do something with doPrivileged, because trusted | |
| 131 | + // code should have a way to execute on behalf of | |
| 132 | + // partially-trusted clients | |
| 133 | + | |
| 134 | + // Does the caller have the right to access the private | |
| 135 | + // members of the callee? If not, raise an error. | |
| 136 | + final int ACC_PRIVATE = 2; | |
| 137 | + try { | |
| 138 | + sun.reflect.Reflection.ensureMemberAccess(caller, callee, null, ACC_PRIVATE); | |
| 139 | + } catch (IllegalAccessException ee) { | |
| 140 | + throw new IllegalArgumentException(ee); | |
| 141 | + } | |
| 142 | + | |
| 143 | + return hostClass; | |
| 144 | + } | |
| 145 | + | |
| 146 | + public Class<?> loadClass(byte[] classFile) { | |
| 147 | + if (defineAnonymousClass == null) { | |
| 148 | + // no JVM support; try to fake an approximation | |
| 149 | + try { | |
| 150 | + return fakeLoadClass(new ConstantPoolParser(classFile).createPatch()); | |
| 151 | + } catch (InvalidConstantPoolFormatException ee) { | |
| 152 | + throw new IllegalArgumentException(ee); | |
| 153 | + } | |
| 154 | + } | |
| 155 | + return loadClass(classFile, null); | |
| 156 | + } | |
| 157 | + | |
| 158 | + public Class<?> loadClass(ConstantPoolPatch classPatch) { | |
| 159 | + if (defineAnonymousClass == null) { | |
| 160 | + // no JVM support; try to fake an approximation | |
| 161 | + return fakeLoadClass(classPatch); | |
| 162 | + } | |
| 163 | + Object[] patches = classPatch.patchArray; | |
| 164 | + // Convert class names (this late in the game) | |
| 165 | + // to use slash '/' instead of dot '.'. | |
| 166 | + // Java likes dots, but the JVM likes slashes. | |
| 167 | + for (int i = 0; i < patches.length; i++) { | |
| 168 | + Object value = patches[i]; | |
| 169 | + if (value != null) { | |
| 170 | + byte tag = classPatch.getTag(i); | |
| 171 | + switch (tag) { | |
| 172 | + case ConstantPoolVisitor.CONSTANT_Class: | |
| 173 | + if (value instanceof String) { | |
| 174 | + if (patches == classPatch.patchArray) | |
| 175 | + patches = patches.clone(); | |
| 176 | + patches[i] = ((String)value).replace('.', '/'); | |
| 177 | + } | |
| 178 | + break; | |
| 179 | + case ConstantPoolVisitor.CONSTANT_Fieldref: | |
| 180 | + case ConstantPoolVisitor.CONSTANT_Methodref: | |
| 181 | + case ConstantPoolVisitor.CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref: | |
| 182 | + case ConstantPoolVisitor.CONSTANT_NameAndType: | |
| 183 | + // When/if the JVM supports these patches, | |
| 184 | + // we'll probably need to reformat them also. | |
| 185 | + // Meanwhile, let the class loader create the error. | |
| 186 | + break; | |
| 187 | + } | |
| 188 | + } | |
| 189 | + } | |
| 190 | + return loadClass(classPatch.outer.classFile, classPatch.patchArray); | |
| 191 | + } | |
| 192 | + | |
| 193 | + private Class<?> loadClass(byte[] classFile, Object[] patchArray) { | |
| 194 | + try { | |
| 195 | + return (Class<?>) | |
| 196 | + defineAnonymousClass.invoke(unsafe, | |
| 197 | + hostClass, classFile, patchArray); | |
| 198 | + } catch (Exception ex) { | |
| 199 | + throwReflectedException(ex); | |
| 200 | + throw new RuntimeException("error loading into "+hostClass, ex); | |
| 201 | + } | |
| 202 | + } | |
| 203 | + | |
| 204 | + private static void throwReflectedException(Exception ex) { | |
| 205 | + if (ex instanceof InvocationTargetException) { | |
| 206 | + Throwable tex = ((InvocationTargetException)ex).getTargetException(); | |
| 207 | + if (tex instanceof Error) | |
| 208 | + throw (Error) tex; | |
| 209 | + ex = (Exception) tex; | |
| 210 | + } | |
| 211 | + if (ex instanceof RuntimeException) { | |
| 212 | + throw (RuntimeException) ex; | |
| 213 | + } | |
| 214 | + } | |
| 215 | + | |
| 216 | + private Class<?> fakeLoadClass(ConstantPoolPatch classPatch) { | |
| 217 | + // Implementation: | |
| 218 | + // 1. Make up a new name nobody has used yet. | |
| 219 | + // 2. Inspect the tail-header of the class to find the this_class index. | |
| 220 | + // 3. Patch the CONSTANT_Class for this_class to the new name. | |
| 221 | + // 4. Add other CP entries required by (e.g.) string patches. | |
| 222 | + // 5. Flatten Class constants down to their names, making sure that | |
| 223 | + // the host class loader can pick them up again accurately. | |
| 224 | + // 6. Generate the edited class file bytes. | |
| 225 | + // | |
| 226 | + // Potential limitations: | |
| 227 | + // * The class won't be truly anonymous, and may interfere with others. | |
| 228 | + // * Flattened class constants might not work, because of loader issues. | |
| 229 | + // * Pseudo-string constants will not flatten down to real strings. | |
| 230 | + // * Method handles will (of course) fail to flatten to linkage strings. | |
| 231 | + if (true) throw new UnsupportedOperationException("NYI"); | |
| 232 | + Object[] cpArray; | |
| 233 | + try { | |
| 234 | + cpArray = classPatch.getOriginalCP(); | |
| 235 | + } catch (InvalidConstantPoolFormatException ex) { | |
| 236 | + throw new RuntimeException(ex); | |
| 237 | + } | |
| 238 | + int thisClassIndex = classPatch.getParser().getThisClassIndex(); | |
| 239 | + String thisClassName = (String) cpArray[thisClassIndex]; | |
| 240 | + synchronized (AnonymousClassLoader.class) { | |
| 241 | + thisClassName = thisClassName+"\\|"+(++fakeNameCounter); | |
| 242 | + } | |
| 243 | + classPatch.putUTF8(thisClassIndex, thisClassName); | |
| 244 | + byte[] classFile = null; | |
| 245 | + return unsafe.defineClass(null, classFile, 0, classFile.length, | |
| 246 | + hostClass.getClassLoader(), | |
| 247 | + hostClass.getProtectionDomain()); | |
| 248 | + } | |
| 249 | + private static int fakeNameCounter = 99999; | |
| 250 | + | |
| 251 | + // ignore two warnings on this line: | |
| 252 | + static sun.misc.Unsafe unsafe = sun.misc.Unsafe.getUnsafe(); | |
| 253 | + // preceding line requires that this class be on the boot class path | |
| 254 | + | |
| 255 | + static private final Method defineAnonymousClass; | |
| 256 | + static { | |
| 257 | + Method dac = null; | |
| 258 | + Class<? extends sun.misc.Unsafe> unsafeClass = unsafe.getClass(); | |
| 259 | + try { | |
| 260 | + dac = unsafeClass.getMethod("defineAnonymousClass", | |
| 261 | + Class.class, | |
| 262 | + byte[].class, | |
| 263 | + Object[].class); | |
| 264 | + } catch (Exception ee) { | |
| 265 | + dac = null; | |
| 266 | + } | |
| 267 | + defineAnonymousClass = dac; | |
| 268 | + } | |
| 269 | + | |
| 270 | + private static void noJVMSupport() { | |
| 271 | + throw new UnsupportedOperationException("no JVM support for anonymous classes"); | |
| 272 | + } | |
| 273 | + | |
| 274 | + | |
| 275 | + private static native Class<?> loadClassInternal(Class<?> hostClass, | |
| 276 | + byte[] classFile, | |
| 277 | + Object[] patchArray); | |
| 278 | + | |
| 279 | + public static byte[] readClassFile(Class<?> templateClass) throws IOException { | |
| 280 | + String templateName = templateClass.getName(); | |
| 281 | + int lastDot = templateName.lastIndexOf('.'); | |
| 282 | + java.net.URL url = templateClass.getResource(templateName.substring(lastDot+1)+".class"); | |
| 283 | + java.net.URLConnection connection = url.openConnection(); | |
| 284 | + int contentLength = connection.getContentLength(); | |
| 285 | + if (contentLength < 0) | |
| 286 | + throw new IOException("invalid content length "+contentLength); | |
| 287 | + | |
| 288 | + return IOUtils.readFully(connection.getInputStream(), contentLength, true); | |
| 289 | + } | |
| 290 | +} | |