#ifndef Py_OBJECT_H#define Py_OBJECT_H#ifdef __cplusplusextern "C" {#endif  /* Object and type object interface */ /*Objects are structures allocated on the heap.  Special rules apply tothe use of objects to ensure they are properly garbage-collected.Objects are never allocated statically or on the stack; they must beaccessed through special macros and functions only.  (Type objects areexceptions to the first rule; the standard types are represented bystatically initialized type objects, although work on type/class unificationfor Python 2.2 made it possible to have heap-allocated type objects too). An object has a 'reference count' that is increased or decreased when apointer to the object is copied or deleted; when the reference countreaches zero there are no references to the object left and it can beremoved from the heap. An object has a 'type' that determines what it represents and what kindof data it contains.  An object's type is fixed when it is created.Types themselves are represented as objects; an object contains apointer to the corresponding type object.  The type itself has a typepointer pointing to the object representing the type 'type', whichcontains a pointer to itself!). Objects do not float around in memory; once allocated an object keepsthe same size and address.  Objects that must hold variable-size datacan contain pointers to variable-size parts of the object.  Not allobjects of the same type have the same size; but the size cannot changeafter allocation.  (These restrictions are made so a reference to anobject can be simply a pointer -- moving an object would requireupdating all the pointers, and changing an object's size would requiremoving it if there was another object right next to it.) Objects are always accessed through pointers of the type 'PyObject *'.The type 'PyObject' is a structure that only contains the reference countand the type pointer.  The actual memory allocated for an objectcontains other data that can only be accessed after casting the pointerto a pointer to a longer structure type.  This longer type must startwith the reference count and type fields; the macro PyObject_HEAD should beused for this (to accommodate for future changes).  The implementationof a particular object type can cast the object pointer to the propertype and back. A standard interface exists for objects that contain an array of itemswhose size is determined when the object is allocated.*/ /* Py_DEBUG implies Py_TRACE_REFS. */#if defined(Py_DEBUG) && !defined(Py_TRACE_REFS)#define Py_TRACE_REFS#endif /* Py_TRACE_REFS implies Py_REF_DEBUG. */#if defined(Py_TRACE_REFS) && !defined(Py_REF_DEBUG)#define Py_REF_DEBUG#endif #ifdef Py_TRACE_REFS/* Define pointers to support a doubly-linked list of all live heap objects. */#define _PyObject_HEAD_EXTRA		\	struct _object *_ob_next;	\	struct _object *_ob_prev; #define _PyObject_EXTRA_INIT 0, 0, #else#define _PyObject_HEAD_EXTRA#define _PyObject_EXTRA_INIT#endif /* PyObject_HEAD defines the initial segment of every PyObject. */#define PyObject_HEAD			\	_PyObject_HEAD_EXTRA		\	Py_ssize_t ob_refcnt;		\	struct _typeobject *ob_type; #define PyObject_HEAD_INIT(type)	\	_PyObject_EXTRA_INIT		\	1, type, /* PyObject_VAR_HEAD defines the initial segment of all variable-size * container objects.  These end with a declaration of an array with 1 * element, but enough space is malloc'ed so that the array actually * has room for ob_size elements.  Note that ob_size is an element count, * not necessarily a byte count. */#define PyObject_VAR_HEAD		\	PyObject_HEAD			\	Py_ssize_t ob_size; /* Number of items in variable part */#define Py_INVALID_SIZE (Py_ssize_t)-1 /* Nothing is actually declared to be a PyObject, but every pointer to * a Python object can be cast to a PyObject*.  This is inheritance built * by hand.  Similarly every pointer to a variable-size Python object can, * in addition, be cast to PyVarObject*. */typedef struct _object {	PyObject_HEAD} PyObject; typedef struct {	PyObject_VAR_HEAD} PyVarObject;  /*Type objects contain a string containing the type name (to help somewhatin debugging), the allocation parameters (see PyObject_New() andPyObject_NewVar()),and methods for accessing objects of the type.  Methods are optional, anil pointer meaning that particular kind of access is not available forthis type.  The Py_DECREF() macro uses the tp_dealloc method withoutchecking for a nil pointer; it should always be implemented except ifthe implementation can guarantee that the reference count will neverreach zero (e.g., for statically allocated type objects). NB: the methods for certain type groups are now contained in separatemethod blocks.*/ typedef PyObject * (*unaryfunc)(PyObject *);typedef PyObject * (*binaryfunc)(PyObject *, PyObject *);typedef PyObject * (*ternaryfunc)(PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);typedef int (*inquiry)(PyObject *);typedef Py_ssize_t (*lenfunc)(PyObject *);typedef int (*coercion)(PyObject **, PyObject **);typedef PyObject *(*intargfunc)(PyObject *, int) Py_DEPRECATED(2.5);typedef PyObject *(*intintargfunc)(PyObject *, int, int) Py_DEPRECATED(2.5);typedef PyObject *(*ssizeargfunc)(PyObject *, Py_ssize_t);typedef PyObject *(*ssizessizeargfunc)(PyObject *, Py_ssize_t, Py_ssize_t);typedef int(*intobjargproc)(PyObject *, int, PyObject *);typedef int(*intintobjargproc)(PyObject *, int, int, PyObject *);typedef int(*ssizeobjargproc)(PyObject *, Py_ssize_t, PyObject *);typedef int(*ssizessizeobjargproc)(PyObject *, Py_ssize_t, Py_ssize_t, PyObject *);typedef int(*objobjargproc)(PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *); /* int-based buffer interface */typedef int (*getreadbufferproc)(PyObject *, int, void **);typedef int (*getwritebufferproc)(PyObject *, int, void **);typedef int (*getsegcountproc)(PyObject *, int *);typedef int (*getcharbufferproc)(PyObject *, int, char **);/* ssize_t-based buffer interface */typedef Py_ssize_t (*readbufferproc)(PyObject *, Py_ssize_t, void **);typedef Py_ssize_t (*writebufferproc)(PyObject *, Py_ssize_t, void **);typedef Py_ssize_t (*segcountproc)(PyObject *, Py_ssize_t *);typedef Py_ssize_t (*charbufferproc)(PyObject *, Py_ssize_t, char **); typedef int (*objobjproc)(PyObject *, PyObject *);typedef int (*visitproc)(PyObject *, void *);typedef int (*traverseproc)(PyObject *, visitproc, void *); typedef struct {	/* For numbers without flag bit Py_TPFLAGS_CHECKTYPES set, all	   arguments are guaranteed to be of the object's type (modulo	   coercion hacks -- i.e. if the type's coercion function	   returns other types, then these are allowed as well).  Numbers that	   have the Py_TPFLAGS_CHECKTYPES flag bit set should check *both*	   arguments for proper type and implement the necessary conversions	   in the slot functions themselves. */ 	binaryfunc nb_add;	binaryfunc nb_subtract;	binaryfunc nb_multiply;	binaryfunc nb_divide;	binaryfunc nb_remainder;	binaryfunc nb_divmod;	ternaryfunc nb_power;	unaryfunc nb_negative;	unaryfunc nb_positive;	unaryfunc nb_absolute;	inquiry nb_nonzero;	unaryfunc nb_invert;	binaryfunc nb_lshift;	binaryfunc nb_rshift;	binaryfunc nb_and;	binaryfunc nb_xor;	binaryfunc nb_or;	coercion nb_coerce;	unaryfunc nb_int;	unaryfunc nb_long;	unaryfunc nb_float;	unaryfunc nb_oct;	unaryfunc nb_hex;	/* Added in release 2.0 */	binaryfunc nb_inplace_add;	binaryfunc nb_inplace_subtract;	binaryfunc nb_inplace_multiply;	binaryfunc nb_inplace_divide;	binaryfunc nb_inplace_remainder;	ternaryfunc nb_inplace_power;	binaryfunc nb_inplace_lshift;	binaryfunc nb_inplace_rshift;	binaryfunc nb_inplace_and;	binaryfunc nb_inplace_xor;	binaryfunc nb_inplace_or; 	/* Added in release 2.2 */	/* The following require the Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_CLASS flag */	binaryfunc nb_floor_divide;	binaryfunc nb_true_divide;	binaryfunc nb_inplace_floor_divide;	binaryfunc nb_inplace_true_divide; 	/* Added in release 2.5 */	unaryfunc nb_index;} PyNumberMethods; typedef struct {	lenfunc sq_length;	binaryfunc sq_concat;	ssizeargfunc sq_repeat;	ssizeargfunc sq_item;	ssizessizeargfunc sq_slice;	ssizeobjargproc sq_ass_item;	ssizessizeobjargproc sq_ass_slice;	objobjproc sq_contains;	/* Added in release 2.0 */	binaryfunc sq_inplace_concat;	ssizeargfunc sq_inplace_repeat;} PySequenceMethods; typedef struct {	lenfunc mp_length;	binaryfunc mp_subscript;	objobjargproc mp_ass_subscript;} PyMappingMethods; typedef struct {	readbufferproc bf_getreadbuffer;	writebufferproc bf_getwritebuffer;	segcountproc bf_getsegcount;	charbufferproc bf_getcharbuffer;} PyBufferProcs;  typedef void (*freefunc)(void *);typedef void (*destructor)(PyObject *);typedef int (*printfunc)(PyObject *, FILE *, int);typedef PyObject *(*getattrfunc)(PyObject *, char *);typedef PyObject *(*getattrofunc)(PyObject *, PyObject *);typedef int (*setattrfunc)(PyObject *, char *, PyObject *);typedef int (*setattrofunc)(PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);typedef int (*cmpfunc)(PyObject *, PyObject *);typedef PyObject *(*reprfunc)(PyObject *);typedef long (*hashfunc)(PyObject *);typedef PyObject *(*richcmpfunc) (PyObject *, PyObject *, int);typedef PyObject *(*getiterfunc) (PyObject *);typedef PyObject *(*iternextfunc) (PyObject *);typedef PyObject *(*descrgetfunc) (PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);typedef int (*descrsetfunc) (PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);typedef int (*initproc)(PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);typedef PyObject *(*newfunc)(struct _typeobject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);typedef PyObject *(*allocfunc)(struct _typeobject *, Py_ssize_t); typedef struct _typeobject {	PyObject_VAR_HEAD	const char *tp_name; /* For printing, in format "<module>.<name>" */	Py_ssize_t tp_basicsize, tp_itemsize; /* For allocation */ 	/* Methods to implement standard operations */ 	destructor tp_dealloc;	printfunc tp_print;	getattrfunc tp_getattr;	setattrfunc tp_setattr;	cmpfunc tp_compare;	reprfunc tp_repr; 	/* Method suites for standard classes */ 	PyNumberMethods *tp_as_number;	PySequenceMethods *tp_as_sequence;	PyMappingMethods *tp_as_mapping; 	/* More standard operations (here for binary compatibility) */ 	hashfunc tp_hash;	ternaryfunc tp_call;	reprfunc tp_str;	getattrofunc tp_getattro;	setattrofunc tp_setattro; 	/* Functions to access object as input/output buffer */	PyBufferProcs *tp_as_buffer; 	/* Flags to define presence of optional/expanded features */	long tp_flags; 	const char *tp_doc; /* Documentation string */ 	/* Assigned meaning in release 2.0 */	/* call function for all accessible objects */	traverseproc tp_traverse; 	/* delete references to contained objects */	inquiry tp_clear; 	/* Assigned meaning in release 2.1 */	/* rich comparisons */	richcmpfunc tp_richcompare; 	/* weak reference enabler */	Py_ssize_t tp_weaklistoffset; 	/* Added in release 2.2 */	/* Iterators */	getiterfunc tp_iter;	iternextfunc tp_iternext; 	/* Attribute descriptor and subclassing stuff */	struct PyMethodDef *tp_methods;	struct PyMemberDef *tp_members;	struct PyGetSetDef *tp_getset;	struct _typeobject *tp_base;	PyObject *tp_dict;	descrgetfunc tp_descr_get;	descrsetfunc tp_descr_set;	Py_ssize_t tp_dictoffset;	initproc tp_init;	allocfunc tp_alloc;	newfunc tp_new;	freefunc tp_free; /* Low-level free-memory routine */	inquiry tp_is_gc; /* For PyObject_IS_GC */	PyObject *tp_bases;	PyObject *tp_mro; /* method resolution order */	PyObject *tp_cache;	PyObject *tp_subclasses;	PyObject *tp_weaklist;	destructor tp_del; #ifdef COUNT_ALLOCS	/* these must be last and never explicitly initialized */	Py_ssize_t tp_allocs;	Py_ssize_t tp_frees;	Py_ssize_t tp_maxalloc;	struct _typeobject *tp_prev;	struct _typeobject *tp_next;#endif} PyTypeObject;  /* The *real* layout of a type object when allocated on the heap */typedef struct _heaptypeobject {	/* Note: there's a dependency on the order of these members	   in slotptr() in typeobject.c . */	PyTypeObject ht_type;	PyNumberMethods as_number;	PyMappingMethods as_mapping;	PySequenceMethods as_sequence; /* as_sequence comes after as_mapping,					  so that the mapping wins when both					  the mapping and the sequence define					  a given operator (e.g. __getitem__).					  see add_operators() in typeobject.c . */	PyBufferProcs as_buffer;	PyObject *ht_name, *ht_slots;	/* here are optional user slots, followed by the members. */} PyHeapTypeObject; /* access macro to the members which are floating "behind" the object */#define PyHeapType_GET_MEMBERS(etype) \    ((PyMemberDef *)(((char *)etype) + (etype)->ht_type.ob_type->tp_basicsize))  /* Generic type check */PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyType_IsSubtype(PyTypeObject *, PyTypeObject *);#define PyObject_TypeCheck(ob, tp) \	((ob)->ob_type == (tp) || PyType_IsSubtype((ob)->ob_type, (tp))) PyAPI_DATA(PyTypeObject) PyType_Type; /* built-in 'type' */PyAPI_DATA(PyTypeObject) PyBaseObject_Type; /* built-in 'object' */PyAPI_DATA(PyTypeObject) PySuper_Type; /* built-in 'super' */ #define PyType_Check(op) PyObject_TypeCheck(op, &PyType_Type)#define PyType_CheckExact(op) ((op)->ob_type == &PyType_Type) PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyType_Ready(PyTypeObject *);PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyType_GenericAlloc(PyTypeObject *, Py_ssize_t);PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyType_GenericNew(PyTypeObject *,					       PyObject *, PyObject *);PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) _PyType_Lookup(PyTypeObject *, PyObject *); /* Generic operations on objects */PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_Print(PyObject *, FILE *, int);PyAPI_FUNC(void) _PyObject_Dump(PyObject *);PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_Repr(PyObject *);PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) _PyObject_Str(PyObject *);PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_Str(PyObject *);#ifdef Py_USING_UNICODEPyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_Unicode(PyObject *);#endifPyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_Compare(PyObject *, PyObject *);PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_RichCompare(PyObject *, PyObject *, int);PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_RichCompareBool(PyObject *, PyObject *, int);PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_GetAttrString(PyObject *, const char *);PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_SetAttrString(PyObject *, const char *, PyObject *);PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_HasAttrString(PyObject *, const char *);PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_GetAttr(PyObject *, PyObject *);PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_SetAttr(PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_HasAttr(PyObject *, PyObject *);PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject **) _PyObject_GetDictPtr(PyObject *);PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_SelfIter(PyObject *);PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_GenericGetAttr(PyObject *, PyObject *);PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_GenericSetAttr(PyObject *,					      PyObject *, PyObject *);PyAPI_FUNC(long) PyObject_Hash(PyObject *);PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_IsTrue(PyObject *);PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_Not(PyObject *);PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyCallable_Check(PyObject *);PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyNumber_Coerce(PyObject **, PyObject **);PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyNumber_CoerceEx(PyObject **, PyObject **); PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyObject_ClearWeakRefs(PyObject *); /* A slot function whose address we need to compare */extern int _PyObject_SlotCompare(PyObject *, PyObject *);  /* PyObject_Dir(obj) acts like Python __builtin__.dir(obj), returning a   list of strings.  PyObject_Dir(NULL) is like __builtin__.dir(),   returning the names of the current locals.  In this case, if there are   no current locals, NULL is returned, and PyErr_Occurred() is false.*/PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_Dir(PyObject *);  /* Helpers for printing recursive container types */PyAPI_FUNC(int) Py_ReprEnter(PyObject *);PyAPI_FUNC(void) Py_ReprLeave(PyObject *); /* Helpers for hash functions */PyAPI_FUNC(long) _Py_HashDouble(double);PyAPI_FUNC(long) _Py_HashPointer(void*); /* Helper for passing objects to printf and the like */#define PyObject_REPR(obj) PyString_AS_STRING(PyObject_Repr(obj)) /* Flag bits for printing: */#define Py_PRINT_RAW	1	/* No string quotes etc. */ /*`Type flags (tp_flags) These flags are used to extend the type structure in a backwards-compatiblefashion. Extensions can use the flags to indicate (and test) when a giventype structure contains a new feature. The Python core will use these whenintroducing new functionality between major revisions (to avoid mid-versionchanges in the PYTHON_API_VERSION). Arbitration of the flag bit positions will need to be coordinated amongall extension writers who publically release their extensions (this willbe fewer than you might expect!).. Python 1.5.2 introduced the bf_getcharbuffer slot into PyBufferProcs. Type definitions should use Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT for their tp_flags value. Code can use PyType_HasFeature(type_ob, flag_value) to test whether thegiven type object has a specified feature.*/ /* PyBufferProcs contains bf_getcharbuffer */#define Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GETCHARBUFFER  (1L<<0) /* PySequenceMethods contains sq_contains */#define Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_SEQUENCE_IN (1L<<1) /* This is here for backwards compatibility.  Extensions that use the old GC * API will still compile but the objects will not be tracked by the GC. */#define Py_TPFLAGS_GC 0 /* used to be (1L<<2) */ /* PySequenceMethods and PyNumberMethods contain in-place operators */#define Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_INPLACEOPS (1L<<3) /* PyNumberMethods do their own coercion */#define Py_TPFLAGS_CHECKTYPES (1L<<4) /* tp_richcompare is defined */#define Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_RICHCOMPARE (1L<<5) /* Objects which are weakly referencable if their tp_weaklistoffset is >0 */#define Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_WEAKREFS (1L<<6) /* tp_iter is defined */#define Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_ITER (1L<<7) /* New members introduced by Python 2.2 exist */#define Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_CLASS (1L<<8) /* Set if the type object is dynamically allocated */#define Py_TPFLAGS_HEAPTYPE (1L<<9) /* Set if the type allows subclassing */#define Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE (1L<<10) 

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