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//! Low-level operations on individual commits.use crate::{    file::{self, EXTENDED_EDGES_MASK, LAST_EXTENDED_EDGE_MASK, NO_PARENT},    File, Position,};use gix_error::{message, Message};use std::{    fmt::{Debug, Formatter},    slice::Chunks,}; /// A commit as stored in a [`File`].#[derive(Copy, Clone)]pub struct Commit<'a> {    file: &'a File,    pos: file::Position,    // We can parse the below fields lazily if needed.    commit_timestamp: u64,    generation: u32,    parent1: ParentEdge,    parent2: ParentEdge,    root_tree_id: &'a gix_hash::oid,} #[inline]fn read_u32(b: &[u8]) -> u32 {    u32::from_be_bytes(b.try_into().unwrap())} impl<'a> Commit<'a> {    pub(crate) fn new(file: &'a File, pos: file::Position) -> Self {        let bytes = file.commit_data_bytes(pos);        Commit {            file,            pos,            root_tree_id: gix_hash::oid::from_bytes_unchecked(&bytes[..file.hash_len]),            parent1: ParentEdge::from_raw(read_u32(&bytes[file.hash_len..][..4])),            parent2: ParentEdge::from_raw(read_u32(&bytes[file.hash_len + 4..][..4])),            // TODO: Add support for corrected commit date offset overflow.            //      See https://github.com/git/git/commit/e8b63005c48696a26f976f5f9b0ccaf1983e439d and            //          https://github.com/git/git/commit/f90fca638e99a031dce8e3aca72427b2f9b4bb38 for more details and hints at a test.            generation: read_u32(&bytes[file.hash_len + 8..][..4]) >> 2,            commit_timestamp: u64::from_be_bytes(bytes[file.hash_len + 8..][..8].try_into().unwrap())                & 0x0003_ffff_ffff,        }    }     /// Returns the committer timestamp of this commit.    ///    /// The value is the number of seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC.    pub fn committer_timestamp(&self) -> u64 {        self.commit_timestamp    }     /// Returns the generation number of this commit.    ///    /// Commits without parents have generation number 1. Commits with parents have a generation    /// number that is the max of their parents' generation numbers + 1.    pub fn generation(&self) -> u32 {        self.generation    }     /// Returns an iterator over the parent positions for lookup in the owning [Graph][crate::Graph].    pub fn iter_parents(self) -> Parents<'a> {        // I didn't find a combinator approach that a) was as strict as ParentIterator, b) supported        // fuse-after-first-error behavior, and b) was significantly shorter or more understandable        // than ParentIterator. So here we are.        Parents {            commit_data: self,            state: ParentIteratorState::First,        }    }     /// Returns the hash of this commit.    pub fn id(&self) -> &'a gix_hash::oid {        self.file.id_at(self.pos)    }     /// Returns the first parent of this commit.    pub fn parent1(&self) -> Result<Option<Position>, Message> {        self.iter_parents().next().transpose()    }     /// Returns the position at which this commit is stored in the parent [File].    pub fn position(&self) -> file::Position {        self.pos    }     /// Return the hash of the tree this commit points to.    pub fn root_tree_id(&self) -> &gix_hash::oid {        self.root_tree_id    }} impl Debug for Commit<'_> {    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {        write!(            f,            "Commit {{ id: {}, lex_pos: {}, generation: {}, root_tree_id: {}, parent1: {:?}, parent2: {:?} }}",            self.id(),            self.pos,            self.generation(),            self.root_tree_id(),            self.parent1,            self.parent2,        )    }} impl Eq for Commit<'_> {} impl PartialEq for Commit<'_> {    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {        std::ptr::eq(self.file, other.file) && self.pos == other.pos    }} /// An iterator over parents of a [`Commit`].pub struct Parents<'a> {    commit_data: Commit<'a>,    state: ParentIteratorState<'a>,} impl Iterator for Parents<'_> {    type Item = Result<Position, Message>;     fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {        let state = std::mem::replace(&mut self.state, ParentIteratorState::Exhausted);        match state {            ParentIteratorState::First => match self.commit_data.parent1 {                ParentEdge::None => match self.commit_data.parent2 {                    ParentEdge::None => None,                    _ => Some(Err(message!(                        "commit {} has a second parent but not a first parent",                        self.commit_data.id()                    ))),                },                ParentEdge::GraphPosition(pos) => {                    self.state = ParentIteratorState::Second;                    Some(Ok(pos))                }                ParentEdge::ExtraEdgeIndex(_) => Some(Err(message!(                    "commit {}'s first parent is an extra edge index, which is invalid",                    self.commit_data.id(),                ))),            },            ParentIteratorState::Second => match self.commit_data.parent2 {                ParentEdge::None => None,                ParentEdge::GraphPosition(pos) => Some(Ok(pos)),                ParentEdge::ExtraEdgeIndex(extra_edge_index) => {                    if let Some(extra_edges_list) = self.commit_data.file.extra_edges_data() {                        let start_offset: usize = extra_edge_index                            .try_into()                            .expect("an architecture able to hold 32 bits of integer");                        let start_offset = start_offset                            .checked_mul(4)                            .expect("an extended edge index small enough to fit in usize");                        if let Some(tail) = extra_edges_list.get(start_offset..) {                            self.state = ParentIteratorState::Extra(tail.chunks(4));                            // This recursive call is what blocks me from replacing ParentIterator                            // with a std::iter::from_fn closure.                            self.next()                        } else {                            Some(Err(message!(                                "commit {}'s extra edges overflows the commit-graph file's extra edges list",                                self.commit_data.id()                            )))                        }                    } else {                        Some(Err(message!(                            "commit {} has extra edges, but commit-graph file has no extra edges list",                            self.commit_data.id()                        )))                    }                }            },            ParentIteratorState::Extra(mut chunks) => {                if let Some(chunk) = chunks.next() {                    let extra_edge = read_u32(chunk);                    match ExtraEdge::from_raw(extra_edge) {                        ExtraEdge::Internal(pos) => {                            self.state = ParentIteratorState::Extra(chunks);                            Some(Ok(pos))                        }                        ExtraEdge::Last(pos) => Some(Ok(pos)),                    }                } else {                    Some(Err(message!(                        "commit {}'s extra edges overflows the commit-graph file's extra edges list",                        self.commit_data.id()                    )))                }            }            ParentIteratorState::Exhausted => None,        }    }     fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>) {        match (&self.state, self.commit_data.parent1, self.commit_data.parent2) {            (ParentIteratorState::First, ParentEdge::None, ParentEdge::None) => (0, Some(0)),            (ParentIteratorState::First, ParentEdge::None, _) => (1, Some(1)),            (ParentIteratorState::First, ParentEdge::GraphPosition(_), ParentEdge::None) => (1, Some(1)),            (ParentIteratorState::First, ParentEdge::GraphPosition(_), ParentEdge::GraphPosition(_)) => (2, Some(2)),            (ParentIteratorState::First, ParentEdge::GraphPosition(_), ParentEdge::ExtraEdgeIndex(_)) => (3, None),            (ParentIteratorState::First, ParentEdge::ExtraEdgeIndex(_), _) => (1, Some(1)),            (ParentIteratorState::Second, _, ParentEdge::None) => (0, Some(0)),            (ParentIteratorState::Second, _, ParentEdge::GraphPosition(_)) => (1, Some(1)),            (ParentIteratorState::Second, _, ParentEdge::ExtraEdgeIndex(_)) => (2, None),            (ParentIteratorState::Extra(_), _, _) => (1, None),            (ParentIteratorState::Exhausted, _, _) => (0, Some(0)),        }    }} #[derive(Debug)]enum ParentIteratorState<'a> {    First,    Second,    Extra(Chunks<'a, u8>),    Exhausted,} #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]enum ParentEdge {    None,    GraphPosition(Position),    ExtraEdgeIndex(u32),} impl ParentEdge {    pub fn from_raw(raw: u32) -> ParentEdge {        if raw == NO_PARENT {            return ParentEdge::None;        }        if raw & EXTENDED_EDGES_MASK != 0 {            ParentEdge::ExtraEdgeIndex(raw & !EXTENDED_EDGES_MASK)        } else {            ParentEdge::GraphPosition(Position(raw))        }    }} enum ExtraEdge {    Internal(Position),    Last(Position),} impl ExtraEdge {    pub fn from_raw(raw: u32) -> Self {        if raw & LAST_EXTENDED_EDGE_MASK != 0 {            Self::Last(Position(raw & !LAST_EXTENDED_EDGE_MASK))        } else {            Self::Internal(Position(raw))        }    }}