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// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only/* *	linux/mm/filemap.c * * Copyright (C) 1994-1999  Linus Torvalds */ /* * This file handles the generic file mmap semantics used by * most "normal" filesystems (but you don't /have/ to use this: * the NFS filesystem used to do this differently, for example) */#include <linux/export.h>#include <linux/compiler.h>#include <linux/dax.h>#include <linux/fs.h>#include <linux/sched/signal.h>#include <linux/uaccess.h>#include <linux/capability.h>#include <linux/kernel_stat.h>#include <linux/gfp.h>#include <linux/mm.h>#include <linux/swap.h>#include <linux/leafops.h>#include <linux/syscalls.h>#include <linux/mman.h>#include <linux/pagemap.h>#include <linux/file.h>#include <linux/uio.h>#include <linux/error-injection.h>#include <linux/hash.h>#include <linux/writeback.h>#include <linux/backing-dev.h>#include <linux/folio_batch.h>#include <linux/security.h>#include <linux/cpuset.h>#include <linux/hugetlb.h>#include <linux/memcontrol.h>#include <linux/shmem_fs.h>#include <linux/rmap.h>#include <linux/delayacct.h>#include <linux/psi.h>#include <linux/ramfs.h>#include <linux/page_idle.h>#include <linux/migrate.h>#include <linux/pipe_fs_i.h>#include <linux/splice.h>#include <linux/rcupdate_wait.h>#include <linux/sched/mm.h>#include <linux/sysctl.h>#include <linux/pgalloc.h> #include <asm/tlbflush.h>#include "internal.h" #define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS#include <trace/events/filemap.h> /* * FIXME: remove all knowledge of the buffer layer from the core VM */#include <linux/buffer_head.h> /* for try_to_free_buffers */ #include <asm/mman.h> #include "swap.h" /* * Shared mappings implemented 30.11.1994. It's not fully working yet, * though. * * Shared mappings now work. 15.8.1995  Bruno. * * finished 'unifying' the page and buffer cache and SMP-threaded the * page-cache, 21.05.1999, Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> * * SMP-threaded pagemap-LRU 1999, Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@suse.de> */ /* * Lock ordering: * *  ->i_mmap_rwsem		(truncate_pagecache) *    ->private_lock		(__free_pte->block_dirty_folio) *      ->swap_lock		(exclusive_swap_page, others) *        ->i_pages lock * *  ->i_rwsem *    ->invalidate_lock		(acquired by fs in truncate path) *      ->i_mmap_rwsem		(truncate->unmap_mapping_range) * *  ->mmap_lock *    ->i_mmap_rwsem *      ->page_table_lock or pte_lock	(various, mainly in memory.c) *        ->i_pages lock	(arch-dependent flush_dcache_mmap_lock) * *  ->mmap_lock *    ->invalidate_lock		(filemap_fault) *      ->lock_page		(filemap_fault, access_process_vm) * *  ->i_rwsem			(generic_perform_write) *    ->mmap_lock		(fault_in_readable->do_page_fault) * *  bdi->wb.list_lock *    sb_lock			(fs/fs-writeback.c) *    ->i_pages lock		(__sync_single_inode) * *  ->i_mmap_rwsem *    ->anon_vma.lock		(vma_merge) * *  ->anon_vma.lock *    ->page_table_lock or pte_lock	(anon_vma_prepare and various) * *  ->page_table_lock or pte_lock *    ->swap_lock		(try_to_unmap_one) *    ->private_lock		(try_to_unmap_one) *    ->i_pages lock		(try_to_unmap_one) *    ->lruvec->lru_lock	(follow_page_mask->mark_page_accessed) *    ->lruvec->lru_lock	(check_pte_range->folio_isolate_lru) *    ->private_lock		(folio_remove_rmap_pte->set_page_dirty) *    ->i_pages lock		(folio_remove_rmap_pte->set_page_dirty) *    bdi.wb->list_lock		(folio_remove_rmap_pte->set_page_dirty) *    ->inode->i_lock		(folio_remove_rmap_pte->set_page_dirty) *    bdi.wb->list_lock		(zap_pte_range->set_page_dirty) *    ->inode->i_lock		(zap_pte_range->set_page_dirty) *    ->private_lock		(zap_pte_range->block_dirty_folio) */ static void page_cache_delete(struct address_space *mapping,				   struct folio *folio, void *shadow){	XA_STATE(xas, &mapping->i_pages, folio->index);	long nr = 1; 	mapping_set_update(&xas, mapping); 	xas_set_order(&xas, folio->index, folio_order(folio));	nr = folio_nr_pages(folio); 	VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_locked(folio), folio); 	xas_store(&xas, shadow);	xas_init_marks(&xas); 	folio->mapping = NULL;	/* Leave folio->index set: truncation lookup relies upon it */	mapping->nrpages -= nr;} static void filemap_unaccount_folio(struct address_space *mapping,		struct folio *folio){	long nr; 	VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(folio_mapped(folio), folio);	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_VM) && unlikely(folio_mapped(folio))) {		pr_alert("BUG: Bad page cache in process %s  pfn:%05lx\n",			 current->comm, folio_pfn(folio));		dump_page(&folio->page, "still mapped when deleted");		dump_stack();		add_taint(TAINT_BAD_PAGE, LOCKDEP_NOW_UNRELIABLE); 		if (mapping_exiting(mapping) && !folio_test_large(folio)) {			int mapcount = folio_mapcount(folio); 			if (folio_ref_count(folio) >= mapcount + 2) {				/*				 * All vmas have already been torn down, so it's				 * a good bet that actually the page is unmapped				 * and we'd rather not leak it: if we're wrong,				 * another bad page check should catch it later.				 */				atomic_set(&folio->_mapcount, -1);				folio_ref_sub(folio, mapcount);			}		}	} 	/* hugetlb folios do not participate in page cache accounting. */	if (folio_test_hugetlb(folio))		return; 	nr = folio_nr_pages(folio); 	lruvec_stat_mod_folio(folio, NR_FILE_PAGES, -nr);	if (folio_test_swapbacked(folio)) {		lruvec_stat_mod_folio(folio, NR_SHMEM, -nr);		if (folio_test_pmd_mappable(folio))			lruvec_stat_mod_folio(folio, NR_SHMEM_THPS, -nr);	} else if (folio_test_pmd_mappable(folio)) {		lruvec_stat_mod_folio(folio, NR_FILE_THPS, -nr);	}	if (test_bit(AS_KERNEL_FILE, &folio->mapping->flags))		mod_node_page_state(folio_pgdat(folio),				    NR_KERNEL_FILE_PAGES, -nr); 	/*	 * At this point folio must be either written or cleaned by	 * truncate.  Dirty folio here signals a bug and loss of	 * unwritten data - on ordinary filesystems.	 *	 * But it's harmless on in-memory filesystems like tmpfs; and can	 * occur when a driver which did get_user_pages() sets page dirty	 * before putting it, while the inode is being finally evicted.	 *	 * Below fixes dirty accounting after removing the folio entirely	 * but leaves the dirty flag set: it has no effect for truncated	 * folio and anyway will be cleared before returning folio to	 * buddy allocator.	 */	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(folio_test_dirty(folio) &&			 mapping_can_writeback(mapping)))		folio_account_cleaned(folio, inode_to_wb(mapping->host));} /* * Delete a page from the page cache and free it. Caller has to make * sure the page is locked and that nobody else uses it - or that usage * is safe.  The caller must hold the i_pages lock. */void __filemap_remove_folio(struct folio *folio, void *shadow){	struct address_space *mapping = folio->mapping; 	trace_mm_filemap_delete_from_page_cache(folio);	filemap_unaccount_folio(mapping, folio);	page_cache_delete(mapping, folio, shadow);} static void filemap_free_folio(const struct address_space *mapping,		struct folio *folio){	void (*free_folio)(struct folio *); 	free_folio = mapping->a_ops->free_folio;	if (free_folio)		free_folio(folio); 	folio_put_refs(folio, folio_nr_pages(folio));} /** * filemap_remove_folio - Remove folio from page cache. * @folio: The folio. * * This must be called only on folios that are locked and have been * verified to be in the page cache.  It will never put the folio into * the free list because the caller has a reference on the page. */void filemap_remove_folio(struct folio *folio){	struct address_space *mapping = folio->mapping; 	BUG_ON(!folio_test_locked(folio));	spin_lock(&mapping->host->i_lock);	xa_lock_irq(&mapping->i_pages);	__filemap_remove_folio(folio, NULL);	xa_unlock_irq(&mapping->i_pages);	if (mapping_shrinkable(mapping))		inode_lru_list_add(mapping->host);	spin_unlock(&mapping->host->i_lock); 	filemap_free_folio(mapping, folio);} /* * page_cache_delete_batch - delete several folios from page cache * @mapping: the mapping to which folios belong * @fbatch: batch of folios to delete * * The function walks over mapping->i_pages and removes folios passed in * @fbatch from the mapping. The function expects @fbatch to be sorted * by page index and is optimised for it to be dense. * It tolerates holes in @fbatch (mapping entries at those indices are not * modified). * * The function expects the i_pages lock to be held. */static void page_cache_delete_batch(struct address_space *mapping,			     struct folio_batch *fbatch){	XA_STATE(xas, &mapping->i_pages, fbatch->folios[0]->index);	long total_pages = 0;	int i = 0;	struct folio *folio; 	mapping_set_update(&xas, mapping);	xas_for_each(&xas, folio, ULONG_MAX) {		if (i >= folio_batch_count(fbatch))			break; 		/* A swap/dax/shadow entry got inserted? Skip it. */		if (xa_is_value(folio))			continue;		/*		 * A page got inserted in our range? Skip it. We have our		 * pages locked so they are protected from being removed.		 * If we see a page whose index is higher than ours, it		 * means our page has been removed, which shouldn't be		 * possible because we're holding the PageLock.		 */		if (folio != fbatch->folios[i]) {			VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(folio->index >					fbatch->folios[i]->index, folio);			continue;		} 		WARN_ON_ONCE(!folio_test_locked(folio)); 		folio->mapping = NULL;		/* Leave folio->index set: truncation lookup relies on it */ 		i++;		xas_store(&xas, NULL);		total_pages += folio_nr_pages(folio);	}	mapping->nrpages -= total_pages;} void delete_from_page_cache_batch(struct address_space *mapping,				  struct folio_batch *fbatch){	int i; 	if (!folio_batch_count(fbatch))		return; 	spin_lock(&mapping->host->i_lock);	xa_lock_irq(&mapping->i_pages);	for (i = 0; i < folio_batch_count(fbatch); i++) {		struct folio *folio = fbatch->folios[i]; 		trace_mm_filemap_delete_from_page_cache(folio);		filemap_unaccount_folio(mapping, folio);	}	page_cache_delete_batch(mapping, fbatch);	xa_unlock_irq(&mapping->i_pages);	if (mapping_shrinkable(mapping))		inode_lru_list_add(mapping->host);	spin_unlock(&mapping->host->i_lock); 	for (i = 0; i < folio_batch_count(fbatch); i++)		filemap_free_folio(mapping, fbatch->folios[i]);} int filemap_check_errors(struct address_space *mapping){	int ret = 0;	/* Check for outstanding write errors */	if (test_bit(AS_ENOSPC, &mapping->flags) &&	    test_and_clear_bit(AS_ENOSPC, &mapping->flags))		ret = -ENOSPC;	if (test_bit(AS_EIO, &mapping->flags) &&	    test_and_clear_bit(AS_EIO, &mapping->flags))		ret = -EIO;	return ret;}EXPORT_SYMBOL(filemap_check_errors); static int filemap_check_and_keep_errors(struct address_space *mapping){	/* Check for outstanding write errors */	if (test_bit(AS_EIO, &mapping->flags))		return -EIO;	if (test_bit(AS_ENOSPC, &mapping->flags))		return -ENOSPC;	return 0;} static int filemap_writeback(struct address_space *mapping, loff_t start,		loff_t end, enum writeback_sync_modes sync_mode,		long *nr_to_write){	struct writeback_control wbc = {		.sync_mode	= sync_mode,		.nr_to_write	= nr_to_write ? *nr_to_write : LONG_MAX,		.range_start	= start,		.range_end	= end,	};	int ret; 	if (!mapping_can_writeback(mapping) ||	    !mapping_tagged(mapping, PAGECACHE_TAG_DIRTY))		return 0; 	wbc_attach_fdatawrite_inode(&wbc, mapping->host);	ret = do_writepages(mapping, &wbc);	wbc_detach_inode(&wbc); 	if (!ret && nr_to_write)		*nr_to_write = wbc.nr_to_write;	return ret;} /** * filemap_fdatawrite_range - start writeback on mapping dirty pages in range * @mapping:	address space structure to write * @start:	offset in bytes where the range starts * @end:	offset in bytes where the range ends (inclusive) * * Start writeback against all of a mapping's dirty pages that lie * within the byte offsets <start, end> inclusive. * * This is a data integrity operation that waits upon dirty or in writeback * pages. * * Return: %0 on success, negative error code otherwise. */int filemap_fdatawrite_range(struct address_space *mapping, loff_t start,		loff_t end){	return filemap_writeback(mapping, start, end, WB_SYNC_ALL, NULL);}EXPORT_SYMBOL(filemap_fdatawrite_range); int filemap_fdatawrite(struct address_space *mapping){	return filemap_fdatawrite_range(mapping, 0, LLONG_MAX);}EXPORT_SYMBOL(filemap_fdatawrite); /** * filemap_flush_range - start writeback on a range * @mapping:	target address_space * @start:	index to start writeback on * @end:	last (inclusive) index for writeback * * This is a non-integrity writeback helper, to start writing back folios * for the indicated range. * * Return: %0 on success, negative error code otherwise. */int filemap_flush_range(struct address_space *mapping, loff_t start,				  loff_t end){	return filemap_writeback(mapping, start, end, WB_SYNC_NONE, NULL);}EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(filemap_flush_range); /** * filemap_flush - mostly a non-blocking flush * @mapping:	target address_space * * This is a mostly non-blocking flush.  Not suitable for data-integrity * purposes - I/O may not be started against all dirty pages. * * Return: %0 on success, negative error code otherwise. */int filemap_flush(struct address_space *mapping){	return filemap_flush_range(mapping, 0, LLONG_MAX);}EXPORT_SYMBOL(filemap_flush); /* * Start writeback on @nr_to_write pages from @mapping.  No one but the existing * btrfs caller should be using this.  Talk to linux-mm if you think adding a * new caller is a good idea. */int filemap_flush_nr(struct address_space *mapping, long *nr_to_write){	return filemap_writeback(mapping, 0, LLONG_MAX, WB_SYNC_NONE,			nr_to_write);}EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_MODULES(filemap_flush_nr, "btrfs"); /** * filemap_range_has_page - check if a page exists in range. * @mapping:           address space within which to check * @start_byte:        offset in bytes where the range starts * @end_byte:          offset in bytes where the range ends (inclusive) * * Find at least one page in the range supplied, usually used to check if * direct writing in this range will trigger a writeback. * * Return: %true if at least one page exists in the specified range, * %false otherwise. */bool filemap_range_has_page(struct address_space *mapping,			   loff_t start_byte, loff_t end_byte){	struct folio *folio;	XA_STATE(xas, &mapping->i_pages, start_byte >> PAGE_SHIFT);	pgoff_t max = end_byte >> PAGE_SHIFT; 	if (end_byte < start_byte)		return false; 	rcu_read_lock();	for (;;) {		folio = xas_find(&xas, max);		if (xas_retry(&xas, folio))			continue;		/* Shadow entries don't count */		if (xa_is_value(folio))			continue;		/*		 * We don't need to try to pin this page; we're about to		 * release the RCU lock anyway.  It is enough to know that		 * there was a page here recently.

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