/* * linux/lib/vsprintf.c * * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds */ /* vsprintf.c -- Lars Wirzenius & Linus Torvalds. *//* * Wirzenius wrote this portably, Torvalds fucked it up :-) */ /* * Fri Jul 13 2001 Crutcher Dunnavant <crutcher+kernel@datastacks.com> * - changed to provide snprintf and vsnprintf functions * So Feb 1 16:51:32 CET 2004 Juergen Quade <quade@hsnr.de> * - scnprintf and vscnprintf */ #include <stdarg.h>#include <linux/module.h>#include <linux/types.h>#include <linux/string.h>#include <linux/ctype.h>#include <linux/kernel.h> #include <asm/page.h> /* for PAGE_SIZE */#include <asm/div64.h> /** * simple_strtoul - convert a string to an unsigned long * @cp: The start of the string * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here * @base: The number base to use */unsigned long simple_strtoul(const char *cp,char **endp,unsigned int base){ unsigned long result = 0,value; if (!base) { base = 10; if (*cp == '0') { base = 8; cp++; if ((toupper(*cp) == 'X') && isxdigit(cp[1])) { cp++; base = 16; } } } else if (base == 16) { if (cp[0] == '0' && toupper(cp[1]) == 'X') cp += 2; } while (isxdigit(*cp) && (value = isdigit(*cp) ? *cp-'0' : toupper(*cp)-'A'+10) < base) { result = result*base + value; cp++; } if (endp) *endp = (char *)cp; return result;} EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoul); /** * simple_strtol - convert a string to a signed long * @cp: The start of the string * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here * @base: The number base to use */long simple_strtol(const char *cp,char **endp,unsigned int base){ if(*cp=='-') return -simple_strtoul(cp+1,endp,base); return simple_strtoul(cp,endp,base);} EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtol); /** * simple_strtoull - convert a string to an unsigned long long * @cp: The start of the string * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here * @base: The number base to use */unsigned long long simple_strtoull(const char *cp,char **endp,unsigned int base){ unsigned long long result = 0,value; if (!base) { base = 10; if (*cp == '0') { base = 8; cp++; if ((toupper(*cp) == 'X') && isxdigit(cp[1])) { cp++; base = 16; } } } else if (base == 16) { if (cp[0] == '0' && toupper(cp[1]) == 'X') cp += 2; } while (isxdigit(*cp) && (value = isdigit(*cp) ? *cp-'0' : (islower(*cp) ? toupper(*cp) : *cp)-'A'+10) < base) { result = result*base + value; cp++; } if (endp) *endp = (char *)cp; return result;} EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoull); /** * simple_strtoll - convert a string to a signed long long * @cp: The start of the string * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here * @base: The number base to use */long long simple_strtoll(const char *cp,char **endp,unsigned int base){ if(*cp=='-') return -simple_strtoull(cp+1,endp,base); return simple_strtoull(cp,endp,base);} static int skip_atoi(const char **s){ int i=0; while (isdigit(**s)) i = i*10 + *((*s)++) - '0'; return i;} /* Decimal conversion is by far the most typical, and is used * for /proc and /sys data. This directly impacts e.g. top performance * with many processes running. We optimize it for speed * using code from * http://www.cs.uiowa.edu/~jones/bcd/decimal.html * (with permission from the author, Douglas W. Jones). */ /* Formats correctly any integer in [0,99999]. * Outputs from one to five digits depending on input. * On i386 gcc 4.1.2 -O2: ~250 bytes of code. */static char* put_dec_trunc(char *buf, unsigned q){ unsigned d3, d2, d1, d0; d1 = (q>>4) & 0xf; d2 = (q>>8) & 0xf; d3 = (q>>12); d0 = 6*(d3 + d2 + d1) + (q & 0xf); q = (d0 * 0xcd) >> 11; d0 = d0 - 10*q; *buf++ = d0 + '0'; /* least significant digit */ d1 = q + 9*d3 + 5*d2 + d1; if (d1 != 0) { q = (d1 * 0xcd) >> 11; d1 = d1 - 10*q; *buf++ = d1 + '0'; /* next digit */ d2 = q + 2*d2; if ((d2 != 0) || (d3 != 0)) { q = (d2 * 0xd) >> 7; d2 = d2 - 10*q; *buf++ = d2 + '0'; /* next digit */ d3 = q + 4*d3; if (d3 != 0) { q = (d3 * 0xcd) >> 11; d3 = d3 - 10*q; *buf++ = d3 + '0'; /* next digit */ if (q != 0) *buf++ = q + '0'; /* most sign. digit */ } } } return buf;}/* Same with if's removed. Always emits five digits */static char* put_dec_full(char *buf, unsigned q){ /* BTW, if q is in [0,9999], 8-bit ints will be enough, */ /* but anyway, gcc produces better code with full-sized ints */ unsigned d3, d2, d1, d0; d1 = (q>>4) & 0xf; d2 = (q>>8) & 0xf; d3 = (q>>12); /* Possible ways to approx. divide by 10 */ /* gcc -O2 replaces multiply with shifts and adds */ // (x * 0xcd) >> 11: 11001101 - shorter code than * 0x67 (on i386) // (x * 0x67) >> 10: 1100111 // (x * 0x34) >> 9: 110100 - same // (x * 0x1a) >> 8: 11010 - same // (x * 0x0d) >> 7: 1101 - same, shortest code (on i386) d0 = 6*(d3 + d2 + d1) + (q & 0xf); q = (d0 * 0xcd) >> 11; d0 = d0 - 10*q; *buf++ = d0 + '0'; d1 = q + 9*d3 + 5*d2 + d1; q = (d1 * 0xcd) >> 11; d1 = d1 - 10*q; *buf++ = d1 + '0'; d2 = q + 2*d2; q = (d2 * 0xd) >> 7; d2 = d2 - 10*q; *buf++ = d2 + '0'; d3 = q + 4*d3; q = (d3 * 0xcd) >> 11; /* - shorter code */ /* q = (d3 * 0x67) >> 10; - would also work */ d3 = d3 - 10*q; *buf++ = d3 + '0'; *buf++ = q + '0'; return buf;}/* No inlining helps gcc to use registers better */static noinline char* put_dec(char *buf, unsigned long long num){ while (1) { unsigned rem; if (num < 100000) return put_dec_trunc(buf, num); rem = do_div(num, 100000); buf = put_dec_full(buf, rem); }} #define ZEROPAD 1 /* pad with zero */#define SIGN 2 /* unsigned/signed long */#define PLUS 4 /* show plus */#define SPACE 8 /* space if plus */#define LEFT 16 /* left justified */#define SPECIAL 32 /* 0x */#define LARGE 64 /* use 'ABCDEF' instead of 'abcdef' */ static char *number(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long long num, int base, int size, int precision, int type){ char sign,tmp[66]; const char *digits; /* we are called with base 8, 10 or 16, only, thus don't need "g..." */ static const char small_digits[] = "0123456789abcdefx"; /* "ghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"; */ static const char large_digits[] = "0123456789ABCDEFX"; /* "GHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"; */ int need_pfx = ((type & SPECIAL) && base != 10); int i; digits = (type & LARGE) ? large_digits : small_digits; if (type & LEFT) type &= ~ZEROPAD; if (base < 2 || base > 36) return NULL; sign = 0; if (type & SIGN) { if ((signed long long) num < 0) { sign = '-'; num = - (signed long long) num; size--; } else if (type & PLUS) { sign = '+'; size--; } else if (type & SPACE) { sign = ' '; size--; } } if (need_pfx) { size--; if (base == 16) size--; } /* generate full string in tmp[], in reverse order */ i = 0; if (num == 0) tmp[i++] = '0'; /* Generic code, for any base: else do { tmp[i++] = digits[do_div(num,base)]; } while (num != 0); */ else if (base != 10) { /* 8 or 16 */ int mask = base - 1; int shift = 3; if (base == 16) shift = 4; do { tmp[i++] = digits[((unsigned char)num) & mask]; num >>= shift; } while (num); } else { /* base 10 */ i = put_dec(tmp, num) - tmp; } /* printing 100 using %2d gives "100", not "00" */ if (i > precision) precision = i; /* leading space padding */ size -= precision; if (!(type & (ZEROPAD+LEFT))) { while(--size >= 0) { if (buf < end) *buf = ' '; ++buf; } } /* sign */ if (sign) { if (buf < end) *buf = sign; ++buf; } /* "0x" / "0" prefix */ if (need_pfx) { if (buf < end) *buf = '0'; ++buf; if (base == 16) { if (buf < end) *buf = digits[16]; /* for arbitrary base: digits[33]; */ ++buf; } } /* zero or space padding */ if (!(type & LEFT)) { char c = (type & ZEROPAD) ? '0' : ' '; while (--size >= 0) { if (buf < end) *buf = c; ++buf; } } /* hmm even more zero padding? */ while (i <= --precision) { if (buf < end) *buf = '0'; ++buf; } /* actual digits of result */ while (--i >= 0) { if (buf < end) *buf = tmp[i]; ++buf; } /* trailing space padding */ while (--size >= 0) { if (buf < end) *buf = ' '; ++buf; } return buf;} /** * vsnprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer * @buf: The buffer to place the result into * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space * @fmt: The format string to use * @args: Arguments for the format string * * The return value is the number of characters which would * be generated for the given input, excluding the trailing * '\0', as per ISO C99. If you want to have the exact * number of characters written into @buf as return value * (not including the trailing '\0'), use vscnprintf(). If the * return is greater than or equal to @size, the resulting * string is truncated. * * Call this function if you are already dealing with a va_list. * You probably want snprintf() instead. */int vsnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args){ int len; unsigned long long num; int i, base; char *str, *end, c; const char *s; int flags; /* flags to number() */ int field_width; /* width of output field */ int precision; /* min. # of digits for integers; max number of chars for from string */ int qualifier; /* 'h', 'l', or 'L' for integer fields */ /* 'z' support added 23/7/1999 S.H. */ /* 'z' changed to 'Z' --davidm 1/25/99 */ /* 't' added for ptrdiff_t */ /* Reject out-of-range values early. Large positive sizes are used for unknown buffer sizes. */ if (unlikely((int) size < 0)) { /* There can be only one.. */ static char warn = 1; WARN_ON(warn); warn = 0; return 0; } str = buf; end = buf + size; /* Make sure end is always >= buf */ if (end < buf) { end = ((void *)-1); size = end - buf; } for (; *fmt ; ++fmt) { if (*fmt != '%') { if (str < end) *str = *fmt; ++str; continue; } /* process flags */ flags = 0; repeat: ++fmt; /* this also skips first '%' */ switch (*fmt) { case '-': flags |= LEFT; goto repeat; case '+': flags |= PLUS; goto repeat; case ' ': flags |= SPACE; goto repeat; case '#': flags |= SPECIAL; goto repeat; case '0': flags |= ZEROPAD; goto repeat; } /* get field width */ field_width = -1; if (isdigit(*fmt)) field_width = skip_atoi(&fmt); else if (*fmt == '*') { ++fmt; /* it's the next argument */ field_width = va_arg(args, int); if (field_width < 0) { field_width = -field_width; flags |= LEFT; } } /* get the precision */ precision = -1; if (*fmt == '.') { ++fmt; if (isdigit(*fmt)) precision = skip_atoi(&fmt); else if (*fmt == '*') { ++fmt; /* it's the next argument */ precision = va_arg(args, int); } if (precision < 0) precision = 0; } /* get the conversion qualifier */ qualifier = -1; if (*fmt == 'h' || *fmt == 'l' || *fmt == 'L' || *fmt =='Z' || *fmt == 'z' || *fmt == 't') { qualifier = *fmt; ++fmt; if (qualifier == 'l' && *fmt == 'l') { qualifier = 'L'; ++fmt; } } /* default base */ base = 10; switch (*fmt) { case 'c': if (!(flags & LEFT)) { while (--field_width > 0) { if (str < end) *str = ' '; ++str; } } c = (unsigned char) va_arg(args, int); if (str < end) *str = c; ++str; while (--field_width > 0) { if (str < end) *str = ' '; ++str; } continue; case 's': s = va_arg(args, char *); if ((unsigned long)s < PAGE_SIZE) s = "<NULL>";Lines 1–500 of 980. 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/* * linux/lib/vsprintf.c * * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds */ /* vsprintf.c -- Lars Wirzenius & Linus Torvalds. */ /* * Wirzenius wrote this portably, Torvalds fucked it up :-) */ /* * Fri Jul 13 2001 Crutcher Dunnavant <crutcher+kernel@datastacks.com> * - changed to provide snprintf and vsnprintf functions * So Feb 1 16:51:32 CET 2004 Juergen Quade <quade@hsnr.de> * - scnprintf and vscnprintf */ #include <stdarg.h> #include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/types.h> #include <linux/string.h> #include <linux/ctype.h> #include <linux/kernel.h> #include <asm/page.h> /* for PAGE_SIZE */ #include <asm/div64.h> /** * simple_strtoul - convert a string to an unsigned long * @cp: The start of the string * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here * @base: The number base to use */ unsigned long simple_strtoul(const char *cp,char **endp,unsigned int base) { unsigned long result = 0,value; if (!base) { base = 10; if (*cp == '0') { base = 8; cp++; if ((toupper(*cp) == 'X') && isxdigit(cp[1])) { cp++; base = 16; } } } else if (base == 16) { if (cp[0] == '0' && toupper(cp[1]) == 'X') cp += 2; } while (isxdigit(*cp) && (value = isdigit(*cp) ? *cp-'0' : toupper(*cp)-'A'+10) < base) { result = result*base + value; cp++; } if (endp) *endp = (char *)cp; return result; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoul); /** * simple_strtol - convert a string to a signed long * @cp: The start of the string * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here * @base: The number base to use */ long simple_strtol(const char *cp,char **endp,unsigned int base) { if(*cp=='-') return -simple_strtoul(cp+1,endp,base); return simple_strtoul(cp,endp,base); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtol); /** * simple_strtoull - convert a string to an unsigned long long * @cp: The start of the string * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here * @base: The number base to use */ unsigned long long simple_strtoull(const char *cp,char **endp,unsigned int base) { unsigned long long result = 0,value; if (!base) { base = 10; if (*cp == '0') { base = 8; cp++; if ((toupper(*cp) == 'X') && isxdigit(cp[1])) { cp++; base = 16; } } } else if (base == 16) { if (cp[0] == '0' && toupper(cp[1]) == 'X') cp += 2; } while (isxdigit(*cp) && (value = isdigit(*cp) ? *cp-'0' : (islower(*cp) ? toupper(*cp) : *cp)-'A'+10) < base) { result = result*base + value; cp++; } if (endp) *endp = (char *)cp; return result; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoull); /** * simple_strtoll - convert a string to a signed long long * @cp: The start of the string * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here * @base: The number base to use */ long long simple_strtoll(const char *cp,char **endp,unsigned int base) { if(*cp=='-') return -simple_strtoull(cp+1,endp,base); return simple_strtoull(cp,endp,base); } static int skip_atoi(const char **s) { int i=0; while (isdigit(**s)) i = i*10 + *((*s)++) - '0'; return i; } /* Decimal conversion is by far the most typical, and is used * for /proc and /sys data. This directly impacts e.g. top performance * with many processes running. We optimize it for speed * using code from * http://www.cs.uiowa.edu/~jones/bcd/decimal.html * (with permission from the author, Douglas W. Jones). */ /* Formats correctly any integer in [0,99999]. * Outputs from one to five digits depending on input. * On i386 gcc 4.1.2 -O2: ~250 bytes of code. */ static char* put_dec_trunc(char *buf, unsigned q) { unsigned d3, d2, d1, d0; d1 = (q>>4) & 0xf; d2 = (q>>8) & 0xf; d3 = (q>>12); d0 = 6*(d3 + d2 + d1) + (q & 0xf); q = (d0 * 0xcd) >> 11; d0 = d0 - 10*q; *buf++ = d0 + '0'; /* least significant digit */ d1 = q + 9*d3 + 5*d2 + d1; if (d1 != 0) { q = (d1 * 0xcd) >> 11; d1 = d1 - 10*q; *buf++ = d1 + '0'; /* next digit */ d2 = q + 2*d2; if ((d2 != 0) || (d3 != 0)) { q = (d2 * 0xd) >> 7; d2 = d2 - 10*q; *buf++ = d2 + '0'; /* next digit */ d3 = q + 4*d3; if (d3 != 0) { q = (d3 * 0xcd) >> 11; d3 = d3 - 10*q; *buf++ = d3 + '0'; /* next digit */ if (q != 0) *buf++ = q + '0'; /* most sign. digit */ } } } return buf; } /* Same with if's removed. Always emits five digits */ static char* put_dec_full(char *buf, unsigned q) { /* BTW, if q is in [0,9999], 8-bit ints will be enough, */ /* but anyway, gcc produces better code with full-sized ints */ unsigned d3, d2, d1, d0; d1 = (q>>4) & 0xf; d2 = (q>>8) & 0xf; d3 = (q>>12); /* Possible ways to approx. divide by 10 */ /* gcc -O2 replaces multiply with shifts and adds */ // (x * 0xcd) >> 11: 11001101 - shorter code than * 0x67 (on i386) // (x * 0x67) >> 10: 1100111 // (x * 0x34) >> 9: 110100 - same // (x * 0x1a) >> 8: 11010 - same // (x * 0x0d) >> 7: 1101 - same, shortest code (on i386) d0 = 6*(d3 + d2 + d1) + (q & 0xf); q = (d0 * 0xcd) >> 11; d0 = d0 - 10*q; *buf++ = d0 + '0'; d1 = q + 9*d3 + 5*d2 + d1; q = (d1 * 0xcd) >> 11; d1 = d1 - 10*q; *buf++ = d1 + '0'; d2 = q + 2*d2; q = (d2 * 0xd) >> 7; d2 = d2 - 10*q; *buf++ = d2 + '0'; d3 = q + 4*d3; q = (d3 * 0xcd) >> 11; /* - shorter code */ /* q = (d3 * 0x67) >> 10; - would also work */ d3 = d3 - 10*q; *buf++ = d3 + '0'; *buf++ = q + '0'; return buf; } /* No inlining helps gcc to use registers better */ static noinline char* put_dec(char *buf, unsigned long long num) { while (1) { unsigned rem; if (num < 100000) return put_dec_trunc(buf, num); rem = do_div(num, 100000); buf = put_dec_full(buf, rem); } } #define ZEROPAD 1 /* pad with zero */ #define SIGN 2 /* unsigned/signed long */ #define PLUS 4 /* show plus */ #define SPACE 8 /* space if plus */ #define LEFT 16 /* left justified */ #define SPECIAL 32 /* 0x */ #define LARGE 64 /* use 'ABCDEF' instead of 'abcdef' */ static char *number(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long long num, int base, int size, int precision, int type) { char sign,tmp[66]; const char *digits; /* we are called with base 8, 10 or 16, only, thus don't need "g..." */ static const char small_digits[] = "0123456789abcdefx"; /* "ghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"; */ static const char large_digits[] = "0123456789ABCDEFX"; /* "GHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"; */ int need_pfx = ((type & SPECIAL) && base != 10); int i; digits = (type & LARGE) ? large_digits : small_digits; if (type & LEFT) type &= ~ZEROPAD; if (base < 2 || base > 36) return NULL; sign = 0; if (type & SIGN) { if ((signed long long) num < 0) { sign = '-'; num = - (signed long long) num; size--; } else if (type & PLUS) { sign = '+'; size--; } else if (type & SPACE) { sign = ' '; size--; } } if (need_pfx) { size--; if (base == 16) size--; } /* generate full string in tmp[], in reverse order */ i = 0; if (num == 0) tmp[i++] = '0'; /* Generic code, for any base: else do { tmp[i++] = digits[do_div(num,base)]; } while (num != 0); */ else if (base != 10) { /* 8 or 16 */ int mask = base - 1; int shift = 3; if (base == 16) shift = 4; do { tmp[i++] = digits[((unsigned char)num) & mask]; num >>= shift; } while (num); } else { /* base 10 */ i = put_dec(tmp, num) - tmp; } /* printing 100 using %2d gives "100", not "00" */ if (i > precision) precision = i; /* leading space padding */ size -= precision; if (!(type & (ZEROPAD+LEFT))) { while(--size >= 0) { if (buf < end) *buf = ' '; ++buf; } } /* sign */ if (sign) { if (buf < end) *buf = sign; ++buf; } /* "0x" / "0" prefix */ if (need_pfx) { if (buf < end) *buf = '0'; ++buf; if (base == 16) { if (buf < end) *buf = digits[16]; /* for arbitrary base: digits[33]; */ ++buf; } } /* zero or space padding */ if (!(type & LEFT)) { char c = (type & ZEROPAD) ? '0' : ' '; while (--size >= 0) { if (buf < end) *buf = c; ++buf; } } /* hmm even more zero padding? */ while (i <= --precision) { if (buf < end) *buf = '0'; ++buf; } /* actual digits of result */ while (--i >= 0) { if (buf < end) *buf = tmp[i]; ++buf; } /* trailing space padding */ while (--size >= 0) { if (buf < end) *buf = ' '; ++buf; } return buf; } /** * vsnprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer * @buf: The buffer to place the result into * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space * @fmt: The format string to use * @args: Arguments for the format string * * The return value is the number of characters which would * be generated for the given input, excluding the trailing * '\0', as per ISO C99. If you want to have the exact * number of characters written into @buf as return value * (not including the trailing '\0'), use vscnprintf(). If the * return is greater than or equal to @size, the resulting * string is truncated. * * Call this function if you are already dealing with a va_list. * You probably want snprintf() instead. */ int vsnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args) { int len; unsigned long long num; int i, base; char *str, *end, c; const char *s; int flags; /* flags to number() */ int field_width; /* width of output field */ int precision; /* min. # of digits for integers; max number of chars for from string */ int qualifier; /* 'h', 'l', or 'L' for integer fields */ /* 'z' support added 23/7/1999 S.H. */ /* 'z' changed to 'Z' --davidm 1/25/99 */ /* 't' added for ptrdiff_t */ /* Reject out-of-range values early. Large positive sizes are used for unknown buffer sizes. */ if (unlikely((int) size < 0)) { /* There can be only one.. */ static char warn = 1; WARN_ON(warn); warn = 0; return 0; } str = buf; end = buf + size; /* Make sure end is always >= buf */ if (end < buf) { end = ((void *)-1); size = end - buf; } for (; *fmt ; ++fmt) { if (*fmt != '%') { if (str < end) *str = *fmt; ++str; continue; } /* process flags */ flags = 0; repeat: ++fmt; /* this also skips first '%' */ switch (*fmt) { case '-': flags |= LEFT; goto repeat; case '+': flags |= PLUS; goto repeat; case ' ': flags |= SPACE; goto repeat; case '#': flags |= SPECIAL; goto repeat; case '0': flags |= ZEROPAD; goto repeat; } /* get field width */ field_width = -1; if (isdigit(*fmt)) field_width = skip_atoi(&fmt); else if (*fmt == '*') { ++fmt; /* it's the next argument */ field_width = va_arg(args, int); if (field_width < 0) { field_width = -field_width; flags |= LEFT; } } /* get the precision */ precision = -1; if (*fmt == '.') { ++fmt; if (isdigit(*fmt)) precision = skip_atoi(&fmt); else if (*fmt == '*') { ++fmt; /* it's the next argument */ precision = va_arg(args, int); } if (precision < 0) precision = 0; } /* get the conversion qualifier */ qualifier = -1; if (*fmt == 'h' || *fmt == 'l' || *fmt == 'L' || *fmt =='Z' || *fmt == 'z' || *fmt == 't') { qualifier = *fmt; ++fmt; if (qualifier == 'l' && *fmt == 'l') { qualifier = 'L'; ++fmt; } } /* default base */ base = 10; switch (*fmt) { case 'c': if (!(flags & LEFT)) { while (--field_width > 0) { if (str < end) *str = ' '; ++str; } } c = (unsigned char) va_arg(args, int); if (str < end) *str = c; ++str; while (--field_width > 0) { if (str < end) *str = ' '; ++str; } continue; case 's': s = va_arg(args, char *); if ((unsigned long)s < PAGE_SIZE) s = "<NULL>";