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/* *  linux/fs/pipe.c * *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1999  Linus Torvalds */ #include <linux/mm.h>#include <linux/file.h>#include <linux/poll.h>#include <linux/slab.h>#include <linux/module.h>#include <linux/init.h>#include <linux/fs.h>#include <linux/log2.h>#include <linux/mount.h>#include <linux/magic.h>#include <linux/pipe_fs_i.h>#include <linux/uio.h>#include <linux/highmem.h>#include <linux/pagemap.h>#include <linux/audit.h>#include <linux/syscalls.h>#include <linux/fcntl.h>#include <linux/memcontrol.h> #include <linux/uaccess.h>#include <asm/ioctls.h> #include "internal.h" /* * The max size that a non-root user is allowed to grow the pipe. Can * be set by root in /proc/sys/fs/pipe-max-size */unsigned int pipe_max_size = 1048576; /* * Minimum pipe size, as required by POSIX */unsigned int pipe_min_size = PAGE_SIZE; /* Maximum allocatable pages per user. Hard limit is unset by default, soft * matches default values. */unsigned long pipe_user_pages_hard;unsigned long pipe_user_pages_soft = PIPE_DEF_BUFFERS * INR_OPEN_CUR; /* * We use a start+len construction, which provides full use of the  * allocated memory. * -- Florian Coosmann (FGC) *  * Reads with count = 0 should always return 0. * -- Julian Bradfield 1999-06-07. * * FIFOs and Pipes now generate SIGIO for both readers and writers. * -- Jeremy Elson <jelson@circlemud.org> 2001-08-16 * * pipe_read & write cleanup * -- Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com> 2002-05-09 */ static void pipe_lock_nested(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe, int subclass){	if (pipe->files)		mutex_lock_nested(&pipe->mutex, subclass);} void pipe_lock(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe){	/*	 * pipe_lock() nests non-pipe inode locks (for writing to a file)	 */	pipe_lock_nested(pipe, I_MUTEX_PARENT);}EXPORT_SYMBOL(pipe_lock); void pipe_unlock(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe){	if (pipe->files)		mutex_unlock(&pipe->mutex);}EXPORT_SYMBOL(pipe_unlock); static inline void __pipe_lock(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe){	mutex_lock_nested(&pipe->mutex, I_MUTEX_PARENT);} static inline void __pipe_unlock(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe){	mutex_unlock(&pipe->mutex);} void pipe_double_lock(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe1,		      struct pipe_inode_info *pipe2){	BUG_ON(pipe1 == pipe2); 	if (pipe1 < pipe2) {		pipe_lock_nested(pipe1, I_MUTEX_PARENT);		pipe_lock_nested(pipe2, I_MUTEX_CHILD);	} else {		pipe_lock_nested(pipe2, I_MUTEX_PARENT);		pipe_lock_nested(pipe1, I_MUTEX_CHILD);	}} /* Drop the inode semaphore and wait for a pipe event, atomically */void pipe_wait(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe){	DEFINE_WAIT(wait); 	/*	 * Pipes are system-local resources, so sleeping on them	 * is considered a noninteractive wait:	 */	prepare_to_wait(&pipe->wait, &wait, TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);	pipe_unlock(pipe);	schedule();	finish_wait(&pipe->wait, &wait);	pipe_lock(pipe);} static void anon_pipe_buf_release(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe,				  struct pipe_buffer *buf){	struct page *page = buf->page; 	/*	 * If nobody else uses this page, and we don't already have a	 * temporary page, let's keep track of it as a one-deep	 * allocation cache. (Otherwise just release our reference to it)	 */	if (page_count(page) == 1 && !pipe->tmp_page)		pipe->tmp_page = page;	else		put_page(page);} static int anon_pipe_buf_steal(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe,			       struct pipe_buffer *buf){	struct page *page = buf->page; 	if (page_count(page) == 1) {		if (memcg_kmem_enabled())			memcg_kmem_uncharge(page, 0);		__SetPageLocked(page);		return 0;	}	return 1;} /** * generic_pipe_buf_steal - attempt to take ownership of a &pipe_buffer * @pipe:	the pipe that the buffer belongs to * @buf:	the buffer to attempt to steal * * Description: *	This function attempts to steal the &struct page attached to *	@buf. If successful, this function returns 0 and returns with *	the page locked. The caller may then reuse the page for whatever *	he wishes; the typical use is insertion into a different file *	page cache. */int generic_pipe_buf_steal(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe,			   struct pipe_buffer *buf){	struct page *page = buf->page; 	/*	 * A reference of one is golden, that means that the owner of this	 * page is the only one holding a reference to it. lock the page	 * and return OK.	 */	if (page_count(page) == 1) {		lock_page(page);		return 0;	} 	return 1;}EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_pipe_buf_steal); /** * generic_pipe_buf_get - get a reference to a &struct pipe_buffer * @pipe:	the pipe that the buffer belongs to * @buf:	the buffer to get a reference to * * Description: *	This function grabs an extra reference to @buf. It's used in *	in the tee() system call, when we duplicate the buffers in one *	pipe into another. */void generic_pipe_buf_get(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe, struct pipe_buffer *buf){	get_page(buf->page);}EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_pipe_buf_get); /** * generic_pipe_buf_confirm - verify contents of the pipe buffer * @info:	the pipe that the buffer belongs to * @buf:	the buffer to confirm * * Description: *	This function does nothing, because the generic pipe code uses *	pages that are always good when inserted into the pipe. */int generic_pipe_buf_confirm(struct pipe_inode_info *info,			     struct pipe_buffer *buf){	return 0;}EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_pipe_buf_confirm); /** * generic_pipe_buf_release - put a reference to a &struct pipe_buffer * @pipe:	the pipe that the buffer belongs to * @buf:	the buffer to put a reference to * * Description: *	This function releases a reference to @buf. */void generic_pipe_buf_release(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe,			      struct pipe_buffer *buf){	put_page(buf->page);}EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_pipe_buf_release); static const struct pipe_buf_operations anon_pipe_buf_ops = {	.can_merge = 1,	.confirm = generic_pipe_buf_confirm,	.release = anon_pipe_buf_release,	.steal = anon_pipe_buf_steal,	.get = generic_pipe_buf_get,}; static const struct pipe_buf_operations packet_pipe_buf_ops = {	.can_merge = 0,	.confirm = generic_pipe_buf_confirm,	.release = anon_pipe_buf_release,	.steal = anon_pipe_buf_steal,	.get = generic_pipe_buf_get,}; static ssize_tpipe_read(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *to){	size_t total_len = iov_iter_count(to);	struct file *filp = iocb->ki_filp;	struct pipe_inode_info *pipe = filp->private_data;	int do_wakeup;	ssize_t ret; 	/* Null read succeeds. */	if (unlikely(total_len == 0))		return 0; 	do_wakeup = 0;	ret = 0;	__pipe_lock(pipe);	for (;;) {		int bufs = pipe->nrbufs;		if (bufs) {			int curbuf = pipe->curbuf;			struct pipe_buffer *buf = pipe->bufs + curbuf;			size_t chars = buf->len;			size_t written;			int error; 			if (chars > total_len)				chars = total_len; 			error = pipe_buf_confirm(pipe, buf);			if (error) {				if (!ret)					ret = error;				break;			} 			written = copy_page_to_iter(buf->page, buf->offset, chars, to);			if (unlikely(written < chars)) {				if (!ret)					ret = -EFAULT;				break;			}			ret += chars;			buf->offset += chars;			buf->len -= chars; 			/* Was it a packet buffer? Clean up and exit */			if (buf->flags & PIPE_BUF_FLAG_PACKET) {				total_len = chars;				buf->len = 0;			} 			if (!buf->len) {				pipe_buf_release(pipe, buf);				curbuf = (curbuf + 1) & (pipe->buffers - 1);				pipe->curbuf = curbuf;				pipe->nrbufs = --bufs;				do_wakeup = 1;			}			total_len -= chars;			if (!total_len)				break;	/* common path: read succeeded */		}		if (bufs)	/* More to do? */			continue;		if (!pipe->writers)			break;		if (!pipe->waiting_writers) {			/* syscall merging: Usually we must not sleep			 * if O_NONBLOCK is set, or if we got some data.			 * But if a writer sleeps in kernel space, then			 * we can wait for that data without violating POSIX.			 */			if (ret)				break;			if (filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {				ret = -EAGAIN;				break;			}		}		if (signal_pending(current)) {			if (!ret)				ret = -ERESTARTSYS;			break;		}		if (do_wakeup) {			wake_up_interruptible_sync_poll(&pipe->wait, POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM); 			kill_fasync(&pipe->fasync_writers, SIGIO, POLL_OUT);		}		pipe_wait(pipe);	}	__pipe_unlock(pipe); 	/* Signal writers asynchronously that there is more room. */	if (do_wakeup) {		wake_up_interruptible_sync_poll(&pipe->wait, POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM);		kill_fasync(&pipe->fasync_writers, SIGIO, POLL_OUT);	}	if (ret > 0)		file_accessed(filp);	return ret;} static inline int is_packetized(struct file *file){	return (file->f_flags & O_DIRECT) != 0;} static ssize_tpipe_write(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from){	struct file *filp = iocb->ki_filp;	struct pipe_inode_info *pipe = filp->private_data;	ssize_t ret = 0;	int do_wakeup = 0;	size_t total_len = iov_iter_count(from);	ssize_t chars; 	/* Null write succeeds. */	if (unlikely(total_len == 0))		return 0; 	__pipe_lock(pipe); 	if (!pipe->readers) {		send_sig(SIGPIPE, current, 0);		ret = -EPIPE;		goto out;	} 	/* We try to merge small writes */	chars = total_len & (PAGE_SIZE-1); /* size of the last buffer */	if (pipe->nrbufs && chars != 0) {		int lastbuf = (pipe->curbuf + pipe->nrbufs - 1) &							(pipe->buffers - 1);		struct pipe_buffer *buf = pipe->bufs + lastbuf;		int offset = buf->offset + buf->len; 		if (buf->ops->can_merge && offset + chars <= PAGE_SIZE) {			ret = pipe_buf_confirm(pipe, buf);			if (ret)				goto out; 			ret = copy_page_from_iter(buf->page, offset, chars, from);			if (unlikely(ret < chars)) {				ret = -EFAULT;				goto out;			}			do_wakeup = 1;			buf->len += ret;			if (!iov_iter_count(from))				goto out;		}	} 	for (;;) {		int bufs; 		if (!pipe->readers) {			send_sig(SIGPIPE, current, 0);			if (!ret)				ret = -EPIPE;			break;		}		bufs = pipe->nrbufs;		if (bufs < pipe->buffers) {			int newbuf = (pipe->curbuf + bufs) & (pipe->buffers-1);			struct pipe_buffer *buf = pipe->bufs + newbuf;			struct page *page = pipe->tmp_page;			int copied; 			if (!page) {				page = alloc_page(GFP_HIGHUSER | __GFP_ACCOUNT);				if (unlikely(!page)) {					ret = ret ? : -ENOMEM;					break;				}				pipe->tmp_page = page;			}			/* Always wake up, even if the copy fails. Otherwise			 * we lock up (O_NONBLOCK-)readers that sleep due to			 * syscall merging.			 * FIXME! Is this really true?			 */			do_wakeup = 1;			copied = copy_page_from_iter(page, 0, PAGE_SIZE, from);			if (unlikely(copied < PAGE_SIZE && iov_iter_count(from))) {				if (!ret)					ret = -EFAULT;				break;			}			ret += copied; 			/* Insert it into the buffer array */			buf->page = page;			buf->ops = &anon_pipe_buf_ops;			buf->offset = 0;			buf->len = copied;			buf->flags = 0;			if (is_packetized(filp)) {				buf->ops = &packet_pipe_buf_ops;				buf->flags = PIPE_BUF_FLAG_PACKET;			}			pipe->nrbufs = ++bufs;			pipe->tmp_page = NULL; 			if (!iov_iter_count(from))				break;		}		if (bufs < pipe->buffers)			continue;		if (filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {			if (!ret)				ret = -EAGAIN;			break;		}		if (signal_pending(current)) {			if (!ret)				ret = -ERESTARTSYS;			break;		}		if (do_wakeup) {			wake_up_interruptible_sync_poll(&pipe->wait, POLLIN | POLLRDNORM);			kill_fasync(&pipe->fasync_readers, SIGIO, POLL_IN);			do_wakeup = 0;		}		pipe->waiting_writers++;		pipe_wait(pipe);		pipe->waiting_writers--;	}out:	__pipe_unlock(pipe);	if (do_wakeup) {		wake_up_interruptible_sync_poll(&pipe->wait, POLLIN | POLLRDNORM);		kill_fasync(&pipe->fasync_readers, SIGIO, POLL_IN);	}	if (ret > 0 && sb_start_write_trylock(file_inode(filp)->i_sb)) {		int err = file_update_time(filp);		if (err)			ret = err;		sb_end_write(file_inode(filp)->i_sb);	}	return ret;} static long pipe_ioctl(struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg){	struct pipe_inode_info *pipe = filp->private_data;	int count, buf, nrbufs; 	switch (cmd) {		case FIONREAD:			__pipe_lock(pipe);

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