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// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only/* *  linux/kernel/fork.c * *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds */ /* *  'fork.c' contains the help-routines for the 'fork' system call * (see also entry.S and others). * Fork is rather simple, once you get the hang of it, but the memory * management can be a bitch. See 'mm/memory.c': 'copy_page_range()' */ #include <linux/anon_inodes.h>#include <linux/slab.h>#include <linux/sched/autogroup.h>#include <linux/sched/mm.h>#include <linux/sched/coredump.h>#include <linux/sched/user.h>#include <linux/sched/numa_balancing.h>#include <linux/sched/stat.h>#include <linux/sched/task.h>#include <linux/sched/task_stack.h>#include <linux/sched/cputime.h>#include <linux/seq_file.h>#include <linux/rtmutex.h>#include <linux/init.h>#include <linux/unistd.h>#include <linux/module.h>#include <linux/vmalloc.h>#include <linux/completion.h>#include <linux/personality.h>#include <linux/mempolicy.h>#include <linux/sem.h>#include <linux/file.h>#include <linux/fdtable.h>#include <linux/iocontext.h>#include <linux/key.h>#include <linux/binfmts.h>#include <linux/mman.h>#include <linux/mmu_notifier.h>#include <linux/fs.h>#include <linux/mm.h>#include <linux/vmacache.h>#include <linux/nsproxy.h>#include <linux/capability.h>#include <linux/cpu.h>#include <linux/cgroup.h>#include <linux/security.h>#include <linux/hugetlb.h>#include <linux/seccomp.h>#include <linux/swap.h>#include <linux/syscalls.h>#include <linux/jiffies.h>#include <linux/futex.h>#include <linux/compat.h>#include <linux/kthread.h>#include <linux/task_io_accounting_ops.h>#include <linux/rcupdate.h>#include <linux/ptrace.h>#include <linux/mount.h>#include <linux/audit.h>#include <linux/memcontrol.h>#include <linux/ftrace.h>#include <linux/proc_fs.h>#include <linux/profile.h>#include <linux/rmap.h>#include <linux/ksm.h>#include <linux/acct.h>#include <linux/userfaultfd_k.h>#include <linux/tsacct_kern.h>#include <linux/cn_proc.h>#include <linux/freezer.h>#include <linux/delayacct.h>#include <linux/taskstats_kern.h>#include <linux/random.h>#include <linux/tty.h>#include <linux/blkdev.h>#include <linux/fs_struct.h>#include <linux/magic.h>#include <linux/perf_event.h>#include <linux/posix-timers.h>#include <linux/user-return-notifier.h>#include <linux/oom.h>#include <linux/khugepaged.h>#include <linux/signalfd.h>#include <linux/uprobes.h>#include <linux/aio.h>#include <linux/compiler.h>#include <linux/sysctl.h>#include <linux/kcov.h>#include <linux/livepatch.h>#include <linux/thread_info.h>#include <linux/stackleak.h>#include <linux/kasan.h>#include <linux/scs.h>#include <linux/io_uring.h> #include <asm/pgalloc.h>#include <linux/uaccess.h>#include <asm/mmu_context.h>#include <asm/cacheflush.h>#include <asm/tlbflush.h> #include <trace/events/sched.h> #define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS#include <trace/events/task.h> /* * Minimum number of threads to boot the kernel */#define MIN_THREADS 20 /* * Maximum number of threads */#define MAX_THREADS FUTEX_TID_MASK /* * Protected counters by write_lock_irq(&tasklist_lock) */unsigned long total_forks;	/* Handle normal Linux uptimes. */int nr_threads;			/* The idle threads do not count.. */ static int max_threads;		/* tunable limit on nr_threads */ #define NAMED_ARRAY_INDEX(x)	[x] = __stringify(x) static const char * const resident_page_types[] = {	NAMED_ARRAY_INDEX(MM_FILEPAGES),	NAMED_ARRAY_INDEX(MM_ANONPAGES),	NAMED_ARRAY_INDEX(MM_SWAPENTS),	NAMED_ARRAY_INDEX(MM_SHMEMPAGES),}; DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, process_counts) = 0; __cacheline_aligned DEFINE_RWLOCK(tasklist_lock);  /* outer */ #ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_RCUint lockdep_tasklist_lock_is_held(void){	return lockdep_is_held(&tasklist_lock);}EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(lockdep_tasklist_lock_is_held);#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_RCU */ int nr_processes(void){	int cpu;	int total = 0; 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)		total += per_cpu(process_counts, cpu); 	return total;} void __weak arch_release_task_struct(struct task_struct *tsk){} #ifndef CONFIG_ARCH_TASK_STRUCT_ALLOCATORstatic struct kmem_cache *task_struct_cachep; static inline struct task_struct *alloc_task_struct_node(int node){	return kmem_cache_alloc_node(task_struct_cachep, GFP_KERNEL, node);} static inline void free_task_struct(struct task_struct *tsk){	kmem_cache_free(task_struct_cachep, tsk);}#endif #ifndef CONFIG_ARCH_THREAD_STACK_ALLOCATOR /* * Allocate pages if THREAD_SIZE is >= PAGE_SIZE, otherwise use a * kmemcache based allocator. */# if THREAD_SIZE >= PAGE_SIZE || defined(CONFIG_VMAP_STACK) #ifdef CONFIG_VMAP_STACK/* * vmalloc() is a bit slow, and calling vfree() enough times will force a TLB * flush.  Try to minimize the number of calls by caching stacks. */#define NR_CACHED_STACKS 2static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct vm_struct *, cached_stacks[NR_CACHED_STACKS]); static int free_vm_stack_cache(unsigned int cpu){	struct vm_struct **cached_vm_stacks = per_cpu_ptr(cached_stacks, cpu);	int i; 	for (i = 0; i < NR_CACHED_STACKS; i++) {		struct vm_struct *vm_stack = cached_vm_stacks[i]; 		if (!vm_stack)			continue; 		vfree(vm_stack->addr);		cached_vm_stacks[i] = NULL;	} 	return 0;}#endif static unsigned long *alloc_thread_stack_node(struct task_struct *tsk, int node){#ifdef CONFIG_VMAP_STACK	void *stack;	int i; 	for (i = 0; i < NR_CACHED_STACKS; i++) {		struct vm_struct *s; 		s = this_cpu_xchg(cached_stacks[i], NULL); 		if (!s)			continue; 		/* Mark stack accessible for KASAN. */		kasan_unpoison_range(s->addr, THREAD_SIZE); 		/* Clear stale pointers from reused stack. */		memset(s->addr, 0, THREAD_SIZE); 		tsk->stack_vm_area = s;		tsk->stack = s->addr;		return s->addr;	} 	/*	 * Allocated stacks are cached and later reused by new threads,	 * so memcg accounting is performed manually on assigning/releasing	 * stacks to tasks. Drop __GFP_ACCOUNT.	 */	stack = __vmalloc_node_range(THREAD_SIZE, THREAD_ALIGN,				     VMALLOC_START, VMALLOC_END,				     THREADINFO_GFP & ~__GFP_ACCOUNT,				     PAGE_KERNEL,				     0, node, __builtin_return_address(0)); 	/*	 * We can't call find_vm_area() in interrupt context, and	 * free_thread_stack() can be called in interrupt context,	 * so cache the vm_struct.	 */	if (stack) {		tsk->stack_vm_area = find_vm_area(stack);		tsk->stack = stack;	}	return stack;#else	struct page *page = alloc_pages_node(node, THREADINFO_GFP,					     THREAD_SIZE_ORDER); 	if (likely(page)) {		tsk->stack = kasan_reset_tag(page_address(page));		return tsk->stack;	}	return NULL;#endif} static inline void free_thread_stack(struct task_struct *tsk){#ifdef CONFIG_VMAP_STACK	struct vm_struct *vm = task_stack_vm_area(tsk); 	if (vm) {		int i; 		for (i = 0; i < THREAD_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE; i++)			memcg_kmem_uncharge_page(vm->pages[i], 0); 		for (i = 0; i < NR_CACHED_STACKS; i++) {			if (this_cpu_cmpxchg(cached_stacks[i],					NULL, tsk->stack_vm_area) != NULL)				continue; 			return;		} 		vfree_atomic(tsk->stack);		return;	}#endif 	__free_pages(virt_to_page(tsk->stack), THREAD_SIZE_ORDER);}# elsestatic struct kmem_cache *thread_stack_cache; static unsigned long *alloc_thread_stack_node(struct task_struct *tsk,						  int node){	unsigned long *stack;	stack = kmem_cache_alloc_node(thread_stack_cache, THREADINFO_GFP, node);	stack = kasan_reset_tag(stack);	tsk->stack = stack;	return stack;} static void free_thread_stack(struct task_struct *tsk){	kmem_cache_free(thread_stack_cache, tsk->stack);} void thread_stack_cache_init(void){	thread_stack_cache = kmem_cache_create_usercopy("thread_stack",					THREAD_SIZE, THREAD_SIZE, 0, 0,					THREAD_SIZE, NULL);	BUG_ON(thread_stack_cache == NULL);}# endif#endif /* SLAB cache for signal_struct structures (tsk->signal) */static struct kmem_cache *signal_cachep; /* SLAB cache for sighand_struct structures (tsk->sighand) */struct kmem_cache *sighand_cachep; /* SLAB cache for files_struct structures (tsk->files) */struct kmem_cache *files_cachep; /* SLAB cache for fs_struct structures (tsk->fs) */struct kmem_cache *fs_cachep; /* SLAB cache for vm_area_struct structures */static struct kmem_cache *vm_area_cachep; /* SLAB cache for mm_struct structures (tsk->mm) */static struct kmem_cache *mm_cachep; struct vm_area_struct *vm_area_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm){	struct vm_area_struct *vma; 	vma = kmem_cache_alloc(vm_area_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);	if (vma)		vma_init(vma, mm);	return vma;} struct vm_area_struct *vm_area_dup(struct vm_area_struct *orig){	struct vm_area_struct *new = kmem_cache_alloc(vm_area_cachep, GFP_KERNEL); 	if (new) {		ASSERT_EXCLUSIVE_WRITER(orig->vm_flags);		ASSERT_EXCLUSIVE_WRITER(orig->vm_file);		/*		 * orig->shared.rb may be modified concurrently, but the clone		 * will be reinitialized.		 */		*new = data_race(*orig);		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&new->anon_vma_chain);		new->vm_next = new->vm_prev = NULL;	}	return new;} void vm_area_free(struct vm_area_struct *vma){	kmem_cache_free(vm_area_cachep, vma);} static void account_kernel_stack(struct task_struct *tsk, int account){	void *stack = task_stack_page(tsk);	struct vm_struct *vm = task_stack_vm_area(tsk);  	/* All stack pages are in the same node. */	if (vm)		mod_lruvec_page_state(vm->pages[0], NR_KERNEL_STACK_KB,				      account * (THREAD_SIZE / 1024));	else		mod_lruvec_kmem_state(stack, NR_KERNEL_STACK_KB,				      account * (THREAD_SIZE / 1024));} static int memcg_charge_kernel_stack(struct task_struct *tsk){#ifdef CONFIG_VMAP_STACK	struct vm_struct *vm = task_stack_vm_area(tsk);	int ret; 	BUILD_BUG_ON(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_VMAP_STACK) && PAGE_SIZE % 1024 != 0); 	if (vm) {		int i; 		BUG_ON(vm->nr_pages != THREAD_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE); 		for (i = 0; i < THREAD_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE; i++) {			/*			 * If memcg_kmem_charge_page() fails, page's			 * memory cgroup pointer is NULL, and			 * memcg_kmem_uncharge_page() in free_thread_stack()			 * will ignore this page.			 */			ret = memcg_kmem_charge_page(vm->pages[i], GFP_KERNEL,						     0);			if (ret)				return ret;		}	}#endif	return 0;} static void release_task_stack(struct task_struct *tsk){	if (WARN_ON(tsk->state != TASK_DEAD))		return;  /* Better to leak the stack than to free prematurely */ 	account_kernel_stack(tsk, -1);	free_thread_stack(tsk);	tsk->stack = NULL;#ifdef CONFIG_VMAP_STACK	tsk->stack_vm_area = NULL;#endif} #ifdef CONFIG_THREAD_INFO_IN_TASKvoid put_task_stack(struct task_struct *tsk){	if (refcount_dec_and_test(&tsk->stack_refcount))		release_task_stack(tsk);}#endif void free_task(struct task_struct *tsk){	scs_release(tsk); #ifndef CONFIG_THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK	/*	 * The task is finally done with both the stack and thread_info,	 * so free both.	 */	release_task_stack(tsk);#else	/*	 * If the task had a separate stack allocation, it should be gone	 * by now.	 */	WARN_ON_ONCE(refcount_read(&tsk->stack_refcount) != 0);#endif	rt_mutex_debug_task_free(tsk);	ftrace_graph_exit_task(tsk);	arch_release_task_struct(tsk);	if (tsk->flags & PF_KTHREAD)		free_kthread_struct(tsk);	free_task_struct(tsk);}EXPORT_SYMBOL(free_task); #ifdef CONFIG_MMUstatic __latent_entropy int dup_mmap(struct mm_struct *mm,					struct mm_struct *oldmm){	struct vm_area_struct *mpnt, *tmp, *prev, **pprev;	struct rb_node **rb_link, *rb_parent;	int retval;	unsigned long charge;	LIST_HEAD(uf); 	uprobe_start_dup_mmap();	if (mmap_write_lock_killable(oldmm)) {		retval = -EINTR;		goto fail_uprobe_end;	}	flush_cache_dup_mm(oldmm);	uprobe_dup_mmap(oldmm, mm);	/*	 * Not linked in yet - no deadlock potential:	 */	mmap_write_lock_nested(mm, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING); 	/* No ordering required: file already has been exposed. */	RCU_INIT_POINTER(mm->exe_file, get_mm_exe_file(oldmm)); 	mm->total_vm = oldmm->total_vm;	mm->data_vm = oldmm->data_vm;	mm->exec_vm = oldmm->exec_vm;	mm->stack_vm = oldmm->stack_vm; 	rb_link = &mm->mm_rb.rb_node;	rb_parent = NULL;

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