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// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later/* * core.c - Kernel Live Patching Core * * Copyright (C) 2014 Seth Jennings <sjenning@redhat.com> * Copyright (C) 2014 SUSE */ #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt #include <linux/module.h>#include <linux/kernel.h>#include <linux/mutex.h>#include <linux/slab.h>#include <linux/list.h>#include <linux/kallsyms.h>#include <linux/livepatch.h>#include <linux/elf.h>#include <linux/moduleloader.h>#include <linux/completion.h>#include <linux/memory.h>#include <linux/rcupdate.h>#include <asm/cacheflush.h>#include "core.h"#include "patch.h"#include "state.h"#include "transition.h" /* * klp_mutex is a coarse lock which serializes access to klp data.  All * accesses to klp-related variables and structures must have mutex protection, * except within the following functions which carefully avoid the need for it: * * - klp_ftrace_handler() * - klp_update_patch_state() * - __klp_sched_try_switch() */DEFINE_MUTEX(klp_mutex); /* * Actively used patches: enabled or in transition. Note that replaced * or disabled patches are not listed even though the related kernel * module still can be loaded. */LIST_HEAD(klp_patches); static struct kobject *klp_root_kobj; static bool klp_is_module(struct klp_object *obj){	return obj->name;} /* sets obj->mod if object is not vmlinux and module is found */static void klp_find_object_module(struct klp_object *obj){	struct module *mod; 	if (!klp_is_module(obj))		return; 	rcu_read_lock_sched();	/*	 * We do not want to block removal of patched modules and therefore	 * we do not take a reference here. The patches are removed by	 * klp_module_going() instead.	 */	mod = find_module(obj->name);	/*	 * Do not mess work of klp_module_coming() and klp_module_going().	 * Note that the patch might still be needed before klp_module_going()	 * is called. Module functions can be called even in the GOING state	 * until mod->exit() finishes. This is especially important for	 * patches that modify semantic of the functions.	 */	if (mod && mod->klp_alive)		obj->mod = mod; 	rcu_read_unlock_sched();} static bool klp_initialized(void){	return !!klp_root_kobj;} static struct klp_func *klp_find_func(struct klp_object *obj,				      struct klp_func *old_func){	struct klp_func *func; 	klp_for_each_func(obj, func) {		if ((strcmp(old_func->old_name, func->old_name) == 0) &&		    (old_func->old_sympos == func->old_sympos)) {			return func;		}	} 	return NULL;} static struct klp_object *klp_find_object(struct klp_patch *patch,					  struct klp_object *old_obj){	struct klp_object *obj; 	klp_for_each_object(patch, obj) {		if (klp_is_module(old_obj)) {			if (klp_is_module(obj) &&			    strcmp(old_obj->name, obj->name) == 0) {				return obj;			}		} else if (!klp_is_module(obj)) {			return obj;		}	} 	return NULL;} struct klp_find_arg {	const char *name;	unsigned long addr;	unsigned long count;	unsigned long pos;}; static int klp_match_callback(void *data, unsigned long addr){	struct klp_find_arg *args = data; 	args->addr = addr;	args->count++; 	/*	 * Finish the search when the symbol is found for the desired position	 * or the position is not defined for a non-unique symbol.	 */	if ((args->pos && (args->count == args->pos)) ||	    (!args->pos && (args->count > 1)))		return 1; 	return 0;} static int klp_find_callback(void *data, const char *name, unsigned long addr){	struct klp_find_arg *args = data; 	if (strcmp(args->name, name))		return 0; 	return klp_match_callback(data, addr);} static int klp_find_object_symbol(const char *objname, const char *name,				  unsigned long sympos, unsigned long *addr){	struct klp_find_arg args = {		.name = name,		.addr = 0,		.count = 0,		.pos = sympos,	}; 	if (objname)		module_kallsyms_on_each_symbol(objname, klp_find_callback, &args);	else		kallsyms_on_each_match_symbol(klp_match_callback, name, &args); 	/*	 * Ensure an address was found. If sympos is 0, ensure symbol is unique;	 * otherwise ensure the symbol position count matches sympos.	 */	if (args.addr == 0)		pr_err("symbol '%s' not found in symbol table\n", name);	else if (args.count > 1 && sympos == 0) {		pr_err("unresolvable ambiguity for symbol '%s' in object '%s'\n",		       name, objname);	} else if (sympos != args.count && sympos > 0) {		pr_err("symbol position %lu for symbol '%s' in object '%s' not found\n",		       sympos, name, objname ? objname : "vmlinux");	} else {		*addr = args.addr;		return 0;	} 	*addr = 0;	return -EINVAL;} static int klp_resolve_symbols(Elf_Shdr *sechdrs, const char *strtab,			       unsigned int symndx, Elf_Shdr *relasec,			       const char *sec_objname){	int i, cnt, ret;	char sym_objname[MODULE_NAME_LEN];	char sym_name[KSYM_NAME_LEN];	Elf_Rela *relas;	Elf_Sym *sym;	unsigned long sympos, addr;	bool sym_vmlinux;	bool sec_vmlinux = !strcmp(sec_objname, "vmlinux"); 	/*	 * Since the field widths for sym_objname and sym_name in the sscanf()	 * call are hard-coded and correspond to MODULE_NAME_LEN and	 * KSYM_NAME_LEN respectively, we must make sure that MODULE_NAME_LEN	 * and KSYM_NAME_LEN have the values we expect them to have.	 *	 * Because the value of MODULE_NAME_LEN can differ among architectures,	 * we use the smallest/strictest upper bound possible (56, based on	 * the current definition of MODULE_NAME_LEN) to prevent overflows.	 */	BUILD_BUG_ON(MODULE_NAME_LEN < 56 || KSYM_NAME_LEN != 512); 	relas = (Elf_Rela *) relasec->sh_addr;	/* For each rela in this klp relocation section */	for (i = 0; i < relasec->sh_size / sizeof(Elf_Rela); i++) {		sym = (Elf_Sym *)sechdrs[symndx].sh_addr + ELF_R_SYM(relas[i].r_info);		if (sym->st_shndx != SHN_LIVEPATCH) {			pr_err("symbol %s is not marked as a livepatch symbol\n",			       strtab + sym->st_name);			return -EINVAL;		} 		/* Format: .klp.sym.sym_objname.sym_name,sympos */		cnt = sscanf(strtab + sym->st_name,			     ".klp.sym.%55[^.].%511[^,],%lu",			     sym_objname, sym_name, &sympos);		if (cnt != 3) {			pr_err("symbol %s has an incorrectly formatted name\n",			       strtab + sym->st_name);			return -EINVAL;		} 		sym_vmlinux = !strcmp(sym_objname, "vmlinux"); 		/*		 * Prevent module-specific KLP rela sections from referencing		 * vmlinux symbols.  This helps prevent ordering issues with		 * module special section initializations.  Presumably such		 * symbols are exported and normal relas can be used instead.		 */		if (!sec_vmlinux && sym_vmlinux) {			pr_err("invalid access to vmlinux symbol '%s' from module-specific livepatch relocation section\n",			       sym_name);			return -EINVAL;		} 		/* klp_find_object_symbol() treats a NULL objname as vmlinux */		ret = klp_find_object_symbol(sym_vmlinux ? NULL : sym_objname,					     sym_name, sympos, &addr);		if (ret)			return ret; 		sym->st_value = addr;	} 	return 0;} void __weak clear_relocate_add(Elf_Shdr *sechdrs,		   const char *strtab,		   unsigned int symindex,		   unsigned int relsec,		   struct module *me){} /* * At a high-level, there are two types of klp relocation sections: those which * reference symbols which live in vmlinux; and those which reference symbols * which live in other modules.  This function is called for both types: * * 1) When a klp module itself loads, the module code calls this function to *    write vmlinux-specific klp relocations (.klp.rela.vmlinux.* sections). *    These relocations are written to the klp module text to allow the patched *    code/data to reference unexported vmlinux symbols.  They're written as *    early as possible to ensure that other module init code (.e.g., *    jump_label_apply_nops) can access any unexported vmlinux symbols which *    might be referenced by the klp module's special sections. * * 2) When a to-be-patched module loads -- or is already loaded when a *    corresponding klp module loads -- klp code calls this function to write *    module-specific klp relocations (.klp.rela.{module}.* sections).  These *    are written to the klp module text to allow the patched code/data to *    reference symbols which live in the to-be-patched module or one of its *    module dependencies.  Exported symbols are supported, in addition to *    unexported symbols, in order to enable late module patching, which allows *    the to-be-patched module to be loaded and patched sometime *after* the *    klp module is loaded. */static int klp_write_section_relocs(struct module *pmod, Elf_Shdr *sechdrs,				    const char *shstrtab, const char *strtab,				    unsigned int symndx, unsigned int secndx,				    const char *objname, bool apply){	int cnt, ret;	char sec_objname[MODULE_NAME_LEN];	Elf_Shdr *sec = sechdrs + secndx; 	/*	 * Format: .klp.rela.sec_objname.section_name	 * See comment in klp_resolve_symbols() for an explanation	 * of the selected field width value.	 */	cnt = sscanf(shstrtab + sec->sh_name, ".klp.rela.%55[^.]",		     sec_objname);	if (cnt != 1) {		pr_err("section %s has an incorrectly formatted name\n",		       shstrtab + sec->sh_name);		return -EINVAL;	} 	if (strcmp(objname ? objname : "vmlinux", sec_objname))		return 0; 	if (apply) {		ret = klp_resolve_symbols(sechdrs, strtab, symndx,					  sec, sec_objname);		if (ret)			return ret; 		return apply_relocate_add(sechdrs, strtab, symndx, secndx, pmod);	} 	clear_relocate_add(sechdrs, strtab, symndx, secndx, pmod);	return 0;} int klp_apply_section_relocs(struct module *pmod, Elf_Shdr *sechdrs,			     const char *shstrtab, const char *strtab,			     unsigned int symndx, unsigned int secndx,			     const char *objname){	return klp_write_section_relocs(pmod, sechdrs, shstrtab, strtab, symndx,					secndx, objname, true);} /* * Sysfs Interface * * /sys/kernel/livepatch * /sys/kernel/livepatch/<patch> * /sys/kernel/livepatch/<patch>/enabled * /sys/kernel/livepatch/<patch>/transition * /sys/kernel/livepatch/<patch>/force * /sys/kernel/livepatch/<patch>/replace * /sys/kernel/livepatch/<patch>/<object> * /sys/kernel/livepatch/<patch>/<object>/patched * /sys/kernel/livepatch/<patch>/<object>/<function,sympos> */static int __klp_disable_patch(struct klp_patch *patch); static ssize_t enabled_store(struct kobject *kobj, struct kobj_attribute *attr,			     const char *buf, size_t count){	struct klp_patch *patch;	int ret;	bool enabled; 	ret = kstrtobool(buf, &enabled);	if (ret)		return ret; 	patch = container_of(kobj, struct klp_patch, kobj); 	mutex_lock(&klp_mutex); 	if (patch->enabled == enabled) {		/* already in requested state */		ret = -EINVAL;		goto out;	} 	/*	 * Allow to reverse a pending transition in both ways. It might be	 * necessary to complete the transition without forcing and breaking	 * the system integrity.	 *	 * Do not allow to re-enable a disabled patch.	 */	if (patch == klp_transition_patch)		klp_reverse_transition();	else if (!enabled)		ret = __klp_disable_patch(patch);	else		ret = -EINVAL; out:	mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex); 	if (ret)		return ret;	return count;} static ssize_t enabled_show(struct kobject *kobj,			    struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf){	struct klp_patch *patch; 	patch = container_of(kobj, struct klp_patch, kobj);	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%d\n", patch->enabled);} static ssize_t transition_show(struct kobject *kobj,			       struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf){	struct klp_patch *patch; 	patch = container_of(kobj, struct klp_patch, kobj);	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%d\n", patch == klp_transition_patch);} static ssize_t force_store(struct kobject *kobj, struct kobj_attribute *attr,			   const char *buf, size_t count){	struct klp_patch *patch;	int ret;	bool val; 	ret = kstrtobool(buf, &val);	if (ret)		return ret; 	if (!val)		return count; 	mutex_lock(&klp_mutex); 	patch = container_of(kobj, struct klp_patch, kobj);	if (patch != klp_transition_patch) {		mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);		return -EINVAL;	} 	klp_force_transition(); 	mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex); 	return count;} static ssize_t replace_show(struct kobject *kobj,			    struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf){	struct klp_patch *patch; 	patch = container_of(kobj, struct klp_patch, kobj);	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%d\n", patch->replace);} static struct kobj_attribute enabled_kobj_attr = __ATTR_RW(enabled);static struct kobj_attribute transition_kobj_attr = __ATTR_RO(transition);static struct kobj_attribute force_kobj_attr = __ATTR_WO(force);static struct kobj_attribute replace_kobj_attr = __ATTR_RO(replace);static struct attribute *klp_patch_attrs[] = {	&enabled_kobj_attr.attr,	&transition_kobj_attr.attr,	&force_kobj_attr.attr,	&replace_kobj_attr.attr,	NULL};ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(klp_patch); static ssize_t patched_show(struct kobject *kobj,			    struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf){	struct klp_object *obj; 	obj = container_of(kobj, struct klp_object, kobj);	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%d\n", obj->patched);} static struct kobj_attribute patched_kobj_attr = __ATTR_RO(patched);static struct attribute *klp_object_attrs[] = {	&patched_kobj_attr.attr,	NULL,};ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(klp_object); static void klp_free_object_dynamic(struct klp_object *obj){	kfree(obj->name);	kfree(obj);} static void klp_init_func_early(struct klp_object *obj,				struct klp_func *func);static void klp_init_object_early(struct klp_patch *patch,				  struct klp_object *obj); static struct klp_object *klp_alloc_object_dynamic(const char *name,						   struct klp_patch *patch){	struct klp_object *obj; 	obj = kzalloc(sizeof(*obj), GFP_KERNEL);

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