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// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0/* Watch queue and general notification mechanism, built on pipes * * Copyright (C) 2020 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved. * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com) * * See Documentation/core-api/watch_queue.rst */ #define pr_fmt(fmt) "watchq: " fmt#include <linux/module.h>#include <linux/init.h>#include <linux/sched.h>#include <linux/slab.h>#include <linux/printk.h>#include <linux/miscdevice.h>#include <linux/fs.h>#include <linux/mm.h>#include <linux/pagemap.h>#include <linux/poll.h>#include <linux/uaccess.h>#include <linux/vmalloc.h>#include <linux/file.h>#include <linux/security.h>#include <linux/cred.h>#include <linux/sched/signal.h>#include <linux/watch_queue.h>#include <linux/pipe_fs_i.h> MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Watch queue");MODULE_AUTHOR("Red Hat, Inc.");MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); #define WATCH_QUEUE_NOTE_SIZE 128#define WATCH_QUEUE_NOTES_PER_PAGE (PAGE_SIZE / WATCH_QUEUE_NOTE_SIZE) /* * This must be called under the RCU read-lock, which makes * sure that the wqueue still exists. It can then take the lock, * and check that the wqueue hasn't been destroyed, which in * turn makes sure that the notification pipe still exists. */static inline bool lock_wqueue(struct watch_queue *wqueue){	spin_lock_bh(&wqueue->lock);	if (unlikely(wqueue->defunct)) {		spin_unlock_bh(&wqueue->lock);		return false;	}	return true;} static inline void unlock_wqueue(struct watch_queue *wqueue){	spin_unlock_bh(&wqueue->lock);} static void watch_queue_pipe_buf_release(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe,					 struct pipe_buffer *buf){	struct watch_queue *wqueue = (struct watch_queue *)buf->private;	struct page *page;	unsigned int bit; 	/* We need to work out which note within the page this refers to, but	 * the note might have been maximum size, so merely ANDing the offset	 * off doesn't work.  OTOH, the note must've been more than zero size.	 */	bit = buf->offset + buf->len;	if ((bit & (WATCH_QUEUE_NOTE_SIZE - 1)) == 0)		bit -= WATCH_QUEUE_NOTE_SIZE;	bit /= WATCH_QUEUE_NOTE_SIZE; 	page = buf->page;	bit += page->index; 	set_bit(bit, wqueue->notes_bitmap);	generic_pipe_buf_release(pipe, buf);} // No try_steal function => no stealing#define watch_queue_pipe_buf_try_steal NULL /* New data written to a pipe may be appended to a buffer with this type. */static const struct pipe_buf_operations watch_queue_pipe_buf_ops = {	.release	= watch_queue_pipe_buf_release,	.try_steal	= watch_queue_pipe_buf_try_steal,	.get		= generic_pipe_buf_get,}; /* * Post a notification to a watch queue. * * Must be called with the RCU lock for reading, and the * watch_queue lock held, which guarantees that the pipe * hasn't been released. */static bool post_one_notification(struct watch_queue *wqueue,				  struct watch_notification *n){	void *p;	struct pipe_inode_info *pipe = wqueue->pipe;	struct pipe_buffer *buf;	struct page *page;	unsigned int head, tail, mask, note, offset, len;	bool done = false; 	if (!pipe)		return false; 	spin_lock_irq(&pipe->rd_wait.lock); 	mask = pipe->ring_size - 1;	head = pipe->head;	tail = pipe->tail;	if (pipe_full(head, tail, pipe->ring_size))		goto lost; 	note = find_first_bit(wqueue->notes_bitmap, wqueue->nr_notes);	if (note >= wqueue->nr_notes)		goto lost; 	page = wqueue->notes[note / WATCH_QUEUE_NOTES_PER_PAGE];	offset = note % WATCH_QUEUE_NOTES_PER_PAGE * WATCH_QUEUE_NOTE_SIZE;	get_page(page);	len = n->info & WATCH_INFO_LENGTH;	p = kmap_atomic(page);	memcpy(p + offset, n, len);	kunmap_atomic(p); 	buf = &pipe->bufs[head & mask];	buf->page = page;	buf->private = (unsigned long)wqueue;	buf->ops = &watch_queue_pipe_buf_ops;	buf->offset = offset;	buf->len = len;	buf->flags = PIPE_BUF_FLAG_WHOLE;	smp_store_release(&pipe->head, head + 1); /* vs pipe_read() */ 	if (!test_and_clear_bit(note, wqueue->notes_bitmap)) {		spin_unlock_irq(&pipe->rd_wait.lock);		BUG();	}	wake_up_interruptible_sync_poll_locked(&pipe->rd_wait, EPOLLIN | EPOLLRDNORM);	done = true; out:	spin_unlock_irq(&pipe->rd_wait.lock);	if (done)		kill_fasync(&pipe->fasync_readers, SIGIO, POLL_IN);	return done; lost:	buf = &pipe->bufs[(head - 1) & mask];	buf->flags |= PIPE_BUF_FLAG_LOSS;	goto out;} /* * Apply filter rules to a notification. */static bool filter_watch_notification(const struct watch_filter *wf,				      const struct watch_notification *n){	const struct watch_type_filter *wt;	unsigned int st_bits = sizeof(wt->subtype_filter[0]) * 8;	unsigned int st_index = n->subtype / st_bits;	unsigned int st_bit = 1U << (n->subtype % st_bits);	int i; 	if (!test_bit(n->type, wf->type_filter))		return false; 	for (i = 0; i < wf->nr_filters; i++) {		wt = &wf->filters[i];		if (n->type == wt->type &&		    (wt->subtype_filter[st_index] & st_bit) &&		    (n->info & wt->info_mask) == wt->info_filter)			return true;	} 	return false; /* If there is a filter, the default is to reject. */} /** * __post_watch_notification - Post an event notification * @wlist: The watch list to post the event to. * @n: The notification record to post. * @cred: The creds of the process that triggered the notification. * @id: The ID to match on the watch. * * Post a notification of an event into a set of watch queues and let the users * know. * * The size of the notification should be set in n->info & WATCH_INFO_LENGTH and * should be in units of sizeof(*n). */void __post_watch_notification(struct watch_list *wlist,			       struct watch_notification *n,			       const struct cred *cred,			       u64 id){	const struct watch_filter *wf;	struct watch_queue *wqueue;	struct watch *watch; 	if (((n->info & WATCH_INFO_LENGTH) >> WATCH_INFO_LENGTH__SHIFT) == 0) {		WARN_ON(1);		return;	} 	rcu_read_lock(); 	hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(watch, &wlist->watchers, list_node) {		if (watch->id != id)			continue;		n->info &= ~WATCH_INFO_ID;		n->info |= watch->info_id; 		wqueue = rcu_dereference(watch->queue);		wf = rcu_dereference(wqueue->filter);		if (wf && !filter_watch_notification(wf, n))			continue; 		if (security_post_notification(watch->cred, cred, n) < 0)			continue; 		if (lock_wqueue(wqueue)) {			post_one_notification(wqueue, n);			unlock_wqueue(wqueue);		}	} 	rcu_read_unlock();}EXPORT_SYMBOL(__post_watch_notification); /* * Allocate sufficient pages to preallocation for the requested number of * notifications. */long watch_queue_set_size(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe, unsigned int nr_notes){	struct watch_queue *wqueue = pipe->watch_queue;	struct page **pages;	unsigned long *bitmap;	unsigned long user_bufs;	int ret, i, nr_pages; 	if (!wqueue)		return -ENODEV;	if (wqueue->notes)		return -EBUSY; 	if (nr_notes < 1 ||	    nr_notes > 512) /* TODO: choose a better hard limit */		return -EINVAL; 	nr_pages = (nr_notes + WATCH_QUEUE_NOTES_PER_PAGE - 1);	nr_pages /= WATCH_QUEUE_NOTES_PER_PAGE;	user_bufs = account_pipe_buffers(pipe->user, pipe->nr_accounted, nr_pages); 	if (nr_pages > pipe->max_usage &&	    (too_many_pipe_buffers_hard(user_bufs) ||	     too_many_pipe_buffers_soft(user_bufs)) &&	    pipe_is_unprivileged_user()) {		ret = -EPERM;		goto error;	} 	nr_notes = nr_pages * WATCH_QUEUE_NOTES_PER_PAGE;	ret = pipe_resize_ring(pipe, roundup_pow_of_two(nr_notes));	if (ret < 0)		goto error; 	ret = -ENOMEM;	pages = kcalloc(sizeof(struct page *), nr_pages, GFP_KERNEL);	if (!pages)		goto error; 	for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++) {		pages[i] = alloc_page(GFP_KERNEL);		if (!pages[i])			goto error_p;		pages[i]->index = i * WATCH_QUEUE_NOTES_PER_PAGE;	} 	bitmap = bitmap_alloc(nr_notes, GFP_KERNEL);	if (!bitmap)		goto error_p; 	bitmap_fill(bitmap, nr_notes);	wqueue->notes = pages;	wqueue->notes_bitmap = bitmap;	wqueue->nr_pages = nr_pages;	wqueue->nr_notes = nr_notes;	return 0; error_p:	while (--i >= 0)		__free_page(pages[i]);	kfree(pages);error:	(void) account_pipe_buffers(pipe->user, nr_pages, pipe->nr_accounted);	return ret;} /* * Set the filter on a watch queue. */long watch_queue_set_filter(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe,			    struct watch_notification_filter __user *_filter){	struct watch_notification_type_filter *tf;	struct watch_notification_filter filter;	struct watch_type_filter *q;	struct watch_filter *wfilter;	struct watch_queue *wqueue = pipe->watch_queue;	int ret, nr_filter = 0, i; 	if (!wqueue)		return -ENODEV; 	if (!_filter) {		/* Remove the old filter */		wfilter = NULL;		goto set;	} 	/* Grab the user's filter specification */	if (copy_from_user(&filter, _filter, sizeof(filter)) != 0)		return -EFAULT;	if (filter.nr_filters == 0 ||	    filter.nr_filters > 16 ||	    filter.__reserved != 0)		return -EINVAL; 	tf = memdup_user(_filter->filters, filter.nr_filters * sizeof(*tf));	if (IS_ERR(tf))		return PTR_ERR(tf); 	ret = -EINVAL;	for (i = 0; i < filter.nr_filters; i++) {		if ((tf[i].info_filter & ~tf[i].info_mask) ||		    tf[i].info_mask & WATCH_INFO_LENGTH)			goto err_filter;		/* Ignore any unknown types */		if (tf[i].type >= WATCH_TYPE__NR)			continue;		nr_filter++;	} 	/* Now we need to build the internal filter from only the relevant	 * user-specified filters.	 */	ret = -ENOMEM;	wfilter = kzalloc(struct_size(wfilter, filters, nr_filter), GFP_KERNEL);	if (!wfilter)		goto err_filter;	wfilter->nr_filters = nr_filter; 	q = wfilter->filters;	for (i = 0; i < filter.nr_filters; i++) {		if (tf[i].type >= WATCH_TYPE__NR)			continue; 		q->type			= tf[i].type;		q->info_filter		= tf[i].info_filter;		q->info_mask		= tf[i].info_mask;		q->subtype_filter[0]	= tf[i].subtype_filter[0];		__set_bit(q->type, wfilter->type_filter);		q++;	} 	kfree(tf);set:	pipe_lock(pipe);	wfilter = rcu_replace_pointer(wqueue->filter, wfilter,				      lockdep_is_held(&pipe->mutex));	pipe_unlock(pipe);	if (wfilter)		kfree_rcu(wfilter, rcu);	return 0; err_filter:	kfree(tf);	return ret;} static void __put_watch_queue(struct kref *kref){	struct watch_queue *wqueue =		container_of(kref, struct watch_queue, usage);	struct watch_filter *wfilter;	int i; 	for (i = 0; i < wqueue->nr_pages; i++)		__free_page(wqueue->notes[i]);	kfree(wqueue->notes);	bitmap_free(wqueue->notes_bitmap); 	wfilter = rcu_access_pointer(wqueue->filter);	if (wfilter)		kfree_rcu(wfilter, rcu);	kfree_rcu(wqueue, rcu);} /** * put_watch_queue - Dispose of a ref on a watchqueue. * @wqueue: The watch queue to unref. */void put_watch_queue(struct watch_queue *wqueue){	kref_put(&wqueue->usage, __put_watch_queue);}EXPORT_SYMBOL(put_watch_queue); static void free_watch(struct rcu_head *rcu){	struct watch *watch = container_of(rcu, struct watch, rcu); 	put_watch_queue(rcu_access_pointer(watch->queue));	atomic_dec(&watch->cred->user->nr_watches);	put_cred(watch->cred);	kfree(watch);} static void __put_watch(struct kref *kref){	struct watch *watch = container_of(kref, struct watch, usage); 	call_rcu(&watch->rcu, free_watch);} /* * Discard a watch. */static void put_watch(struct watch *watch){	kref_put(&watch->usage, __put_watch);} /** * init_watch - Initialise a watch * @watch: The watch to initialise. * @wqueue: The queue to assign. * * Initialise a watch and set the watch queue. */void init_watch(struct watch *watch, struct watch_queue *wqueue){	kref_init(&watch->usage);	INIT_HLIST_NODE(&watch->list_node);	INIT_HLIST_NODE(&watch->queue_node);	rcu_assign_pointer(watch->queue, wqueue);} static int add_one_watch(struct watch *watch, struct watch_list *wlist, struct watch_queue *wqueue){	const struct cred *cred;	struct watch *w; 	hlist_for_each_entry(w, &wlist->watchers, list_node) {		struct watch_queue *wq = rcu_access_pointer(w->queue);		if (wqueue == wq && watch->id == w->id)			return -EBUSY;	} 	cred = current_cred();	if (atomic_inc_return(&cred->user->nr_watches) > task_rlimit(current, RLIMIT_NOFILE)) {		atomic_dec(&cred->user->nr_watches);		return -EAGAIN;	} 	watch->cred = get_cred(cred);	rcu_assign_pointer(watch->watch_list, wlist); 	kref_get(&wqueue->usage);	kref_get(&watch->usage);	hlist_add_head(&watch->queue_node, &wqueue->watches);	hlist_add_head_rcu(&watch->list_node, &wlist->watchers);	return 0;} /** * add_watch_to_object - Add a watch on an object to a watch list * @watch: The watch to add * @wlist: The watch list to add to * * @watch->queue must have been set to point to the queue to post notifications * to and the watch list of the object to be watched.  @watch->cred must also * have been set to the appropriate credentials and a ref taken on them. * * The caller must pin the queue and the list both and must hold the list * locked against racing watch additions/removals. */int add_watch_to_object(struct watch *watch, struct watch_list *wlist){	struct watch_queue *wqueue;	int ret = -ENOENT;

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