CC ?= gcc# example: make test_dataloader TEST_CFLAGS=-fsanitize=address -fno-omit-frame-pointer CFLAGS = -Ofast -Wno-unused-result -Wno-ignored-pragmas -Wno-unknown-attributes -gCFLAGS += $(TEST_CFLAGS)LDFLAGS =LDLIBS = -lmINCLUDES =CFLAGS_COND = -march=native # Find nvccSHELL_UNAME = $(shell uname)REMOVE_FILES = rm -fOUTPUT_FILE = -o $@CUDA_OUTPUT_FILE = -o $@ # NVCC flags# -t=0 is short for --threads, 0 = number of CPUs on the machineNVCC_FLAGS = -O3 -t=0 --use_fast_math -std=c++17NVCC_LDFLAGS = -lcublas -lcublasLtNVCC_INCLUDES =NVCC_LDLIBS =NVCC_CUDNN =# By default we don't build with cudnn because it blows up compile time from a few seconds to ~minuteUSE_CUDNN ?= 0 # We will place .o files in the `build` directory (create it if it doesn't exist)BUILD_DIR = build$(shell mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR))REMOVE_BUILD_OBJECT_FILES := rm -f $(BUILD_DIR)/*.o # Function to check if a file exists in the PATHdefine file_exists_in_path  $(which $(1) 2>/dev/null)endef ifneq ($(CI),true) # if not in CI, then use the GPU query  ifndef GPU_COMPUTE_CAPABILITY # set to defaults if: make GPU_COMPUTE_CAPABILITY=    ifneq ($(call file_exists_in_path, __nvcc_device_query),)      GPU_COMPUTE_CAPABILITY = $(shell __nvcc_device_query)      GPU_COMPUTE_CAPABILITY := $(strip $(GPU_COMPUTE_CAPABILITY))    endif  endifendif # set to defaults if - make GPU_COMPUTE_CAPABILITY= otherwise use the compute capability detected aboveifneq ($(GPU_COMPUTE_CAPABILITY),)  NVCC_FLAGS += --generate-code arch=compute_$(GPU_COMPUTE_CAPABILITY),code=[compute_$(GPU_COMPUTE_CAPABILITY),sm_$(GPU_COMPUTE_CAPABILITY)]endif # autodect a lot of various supports on current platform$(info ---------------------------------------------) NVCC := $(shell which nvcc 2>/dev/null) # Check and include cudnn if available# You can override the path to cudnn frontend by setting CUDNN_FRONTEND_PATH on the make command line# By default, we look for it in HOME/cudnn-frontend/include and ./cudnn-frontend/include# Refer to the README for cuDNN install instructionsifeq ($(USE_CUDNN), 1)  ifeq ($(shell [ -d $(HOME)/cudnn-frontend/include ] && echo "exists"), exists)    $(info ✓ cuDNN found, will run with flash-attention)    CUDNN_FRONTEND_PATH ?= $(HOME)/cudnn-frontend/include  else ifeq ($(shell [ -d cudnn-frontend/include ] && echo "exists"), exists)    $(info ✓ cuDNN found, will run with flash-attention)    CUDNN_FRONTEND_PATH ?= cudnn-frontend/include  else    $(error ✗ cuDNN not found. See the README for install instructions and the Makefile for hard-coded paths)  endif  NVCC_INCLUDES += -I$(CUDNN_FRONTEND_PATH)  NVCC_LDFLAGS += -lcudnn  NVCC_FLAGS += -DENABLE_CUDNN  NVCC_CUDNN = $(BUILD_DIR)/cudnn_att.oelse  $(info → cuDNN is manually disabled by default, run make with `USE_CUDNN=1` to try to enable)endif # Check if OpenMP is available# This is done by attempting to compile an empty file with OpenMP flags# OpenMP makes the code a lot faster so I advise installing it# e.g. on MacOS: brew install libomp# e.g. on Ubuntu: sudo apt-get install libomp-dev# later, run the program by prepending the number of threads, e.g.: OMP_NUM_THREADS=8 ./gpt2# First, check if NO_OMP is set to 1, if not, proceed with the OpenMP checksifeq ($(NO_OMP), 1)  $(info OpenMP is manually disabled)else  ifneq ($(OS), Windows_NT)    # Check for OpenMP support in GCC or Clang on Linux    ifeq ($(shell echo | $(CC) -fopenmp -x c -E - > /dev/null 2>&1; echo $$?), 0)      CFLAGS += -fopenmp -DOMP      LDLIBS += -lgomp      $(info ✓ OpenMP found)    else      $(info ✗ OpenMP not found)    endif  endifendif # Check if OpenMPI and NCCL are available, include them if so, for multi-GPU trainingifeq ($(NO_MULTI_GPU), 1)  $(info → Multi-GPU (OpenMPI + NCCL) is manually disabled)else  ifeq ($(shell [ -d /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openmpi/lib/ ] && [ -d /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openmpi/include/ ] && echo "exists"), exists)    $(info ✓ OpenMPI found, OK to train with multiple GPUs)    NVCC_INCLUDES += -I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openmpi/include    NVCC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openmpi/lib/    NVCC_LDLIBS += -lmpi -lnccl    NVCC_FLAGS += -DMULTI_GPU  else    $(info ✗ OpenMPI is not found, disabling multi-GPU support)    $(info ---> On Linux you can try install OpenMPI with `sudo apt install openmpi-bin openmpi-doc libopenmpi-dev`)  endifendif # Precision settings, default to bf16 but ability to overrideifeq ($(MAKECMDGOALS), clean)  PRECISION=BF16 endif VALID_PRECISIONS := FP32 FP16 BF16ifeq ($(filter $(PRECISION),$(VALID_PRECISIONS)),)  $(error Invalid precision $(PRECISION), valid precisions are $(VALID_PRECISIONS))endififeq ($(PRECISION), FP32)  PFLAGS = -DENABLE_FP32else ifeq ($(PRECISION), FP16)  PFLAGS = -DENABLE_FP16else  PFLAGS = -DENABLE_BF16endif # PHONY means these targets will always be executed.PHONY: all clean # Add targetsTARGETS = test_dataloader # Dependency filestest_dataloader_dependencies = test_dataloader.dHEADER_DEPENDENCIES = $(test_dataloader_dependencies) # Conditional inclusion of CUDA targetsifeq ($(NVCC),)    $(info ✗ nvcc not found, skipping GPU/CUDA builds)else    $(info ✓ nvcc found, including GPU/CUDA support)    TARGETS += endif $(info ---------Build Configuration Complete - Build Targets -------------------------) all: $(TARGETS) # Generate dependency files%.d: %.c	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -MMD -MP -MF $@ -c $< # Include the dependency files-include test_dataloader.d test_dataloader: test_dataloader.c	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(INCLUDES) $(LDFLAGS) -MMD -MP $^ $(LDLIBS) $(OUTPUT_FILE) clean:	$(REMOVE_FILES) $(TARGETS) *.d *.o	$(REMOVE_BUILD_OBJECT_FILES)