= profile: profiling library     include "profile.m";     profile := load Profile Profile->PATH;     Range: adt{        l: int;        u: int;        f: int;        n: cyclic ref Range;    };     Funprof: adt{        name: string;        line: int;        count: int;        counte: int;    };     Modprof: adt{        name: string;        path: string;        srcpath: string;        rawtab: array of (int, int);        linetab: array of int;        rngtab: array of ref Range;        funtab: array of Funprof;        total: int;        totals: array of int;        covered: int;    };        Prof: adt{        mods: list of Modprof;        total: int;        totals: array of int;    };        Coverage: type list of (string, int, list of (list of (int, int, byte), string));     MODULE: con 1; # give stats for each module    FUNCTION: con 2;    # give stats for each function    LINE: con 4;   # give stats for each line    VERBOSE: con 8;     # full stats    FULLHDR: con 16;    # file:lineno: on each line of output    FREQUENCY: con 32;  # show frequency rather than coverage        init: fn(): int;    profile: fn(m: string): int;    sample: fn(i: int): int;    start: fn(): int;    stop: fn(): int;    stats: fn() : Prof;    show: fn(p: Prof, v: int): int;    end: fn(): int;        # coverage profiling specific functions        cpstart: fn(pid: int): int;    cpstats: fn(rec: int, v: int): Prof;    cpfstats: fn(v: int): Prof;    cpshow: fn(p: Prof, v: int): int;        coverage: fn(p: Prof, v: int): Coverage;        # memory profiling specific functions        memstart: fn(): int;    memstats: fn(): Prof;    memshow: fn(p: Prof, v: int): int;        lasterror: fn(): string;    Profile  provides  an interface to the kernel profile device.It contains routines to start and stop profiling,  to  gatherprofiling statistics and to display these statistics in rela‐tion to the relevant limbo source code. All of these routinesapart  from  lasterror  return a negative integer if an erroroccurred during their execution. Once this happens, a call tolasterror will give the error message. init  initializes  the  module  and  binds the kernel profiledevice onto the /prof directory.  It should be called  beforeany other functions in this module. profile  takes  a  module name or a path name as its argumentand indicates a module to be  profiled.   Repeated  calls  ofthis  function  allow  a  number  of  modules  to be profiledtogether.  In the absence of any calls to this  routine,  theprofile device profiles all modules loaded by the kernel. sample sets the sampling interval of the profiling. The argu‐ment is in ms. The default value in  the  profile  device  is100ms. start starts profiling. stop stops profiling. stats  returns  profiling  statistics. It is recommended thatthis is called once profiling has been stopped, otherwise theresults may be slightly inaccurate. It returns an adt of typeProf.  Its first field mods is a list of  profile  statisticsfor each module under profile.  Its second field total is thenumber of samples made altogether. The  statistics  for  eachmodule are represented in the Modprof adt. Its fields are name      The name of the module. path      The path of the module's corresponding dis file. srcpath   The path of the module's corresponding source file. linetab   The  line frequency count table. The number of sam‐          ples made on a particular line of the above  source          file is found by indexing this table. funtab    The  function  frequency count table. This array of          Funprof adt gives the name, line number and  number          of  samples  made  for  each  function in the above          source file. total     The total number of samples made in this module. stats will ignore modules if it fails to  locate  the  symbol(.sbl) file for a particular dis file. show  simply  prints  out the profile information returned bystats.  For each module it will print  out  either  the  linenumber  statistics  or  the  function statistics or both. Theformer gives the line number, percentage  of  time  spent  onthis  line  and  the  source code for each line in the sourcefile. The latter gives the line  number,  function  name  andpercentage  of  time spent in this function for each functionin the source file. The amount of output can be controlled bythe  second  argument  to show.  The following should be oredtogether in the  required  combination  to  get  the  desiredeffect. FUNCTION  Print the function table. LINE      Print the line number table. VERBOSE   Normally  lines  and functions are not shown if the          sample frequency for them is zero. This option pre‐          vents this. FULLHDR   Prints  the file name as well as the line number in          a form that can be selected in acme  to  show  that          particular line in a window. show  will  ignore  modules  if it fails to locate the source(.b) file for a particular dis file. end ends the profiling session. This should  be  called  whenall  statistics  have  been gathered in order to clean up thedevice profile's data structures. In order to support coverage profiling as well the  followingnew routines are provided. cpstart  Start coverage profiling on the process whose pid isgiven. cpstats Returns coverage profiling statistics from  the  pro‐file  device.  If the first argument is true, the raw resultswill be stored in a profile file  whose  name  is  <file>.prfwhere <file> is the prefix of the corresponding dis file. cpfstats Returns coverage profiling statistics from any savedprofile files. cpshow Shows the coverage profiling statistics. coverage Given the coverage profiler statistics this  returnsthe list of modules profiled. Each module has a name, a bool‐ean indicating whether all instructions in  the  module  wereexecuted and a list of lines. Each line consists of a list ofranges and the source code.  The list of ranges contains  thecharacter  positions  on  the  line  of code corresponding toinstructions that were  not  executed  and  an  indicator  ofwhether partial execution was performed. For  the  further  support  of memory profiling the followingroutines are available. memstart Start memory profiling. memstats Return the memory profile statisics. memshow Send memory profile statistics to standard output. == source/module/profile.m/appl/lib/profile.b == see ALSOprof(3)