.TH TAIL 1.SH NAMEtail \- deliver the last part of a file.SH SYNOPSIS.B tail[.RB [\f5+-\fP] \fInumber\fP [\f5lbc\fP][ rf ]][.I file].PP.B tail[.B -fr][.B -n.I nlines][.B -c.I ncharacters][.I file].SH DESCRIPTION.I Tailcopies the named file to the standard output beginningat a designated place.If no file is named, the standard input is copied..PPCopying begins at position.BI + numbermeasured from the beginning, or.BI - numberfrom the end of the input..I Numberis counted in lines, 1K blocks or characters,according to the appended flag.LR l ,.LR b ,or.LR c .Default is.B -10l(ten ell)..PPThe further flag.L rcauses tail to print lines from the end of the file in reverse order;.L f(follow) causes.I tail,after printing to the end, to keep watch andprint further data as it appears..PPThe second syntax is that promulgated by POSIX, where thenumbers of lines (-n) or characters (-c) are specified separately as signedintegers. Note than an unsigned value is treated as negative,ie '-n 2' is equivalent to '-n -2'..PP.SH EXAMPLES.TP.B tail filePrint the last 10 lines of a file..TP.B tail +0f filePrint a file, and continue to watchdata accumulate as it grows..brAccording to custom, option.BI + numbercounts lines from 1, and countsblocks and characters from 0..TP.B tail -nlines +3 filePrint a file starting at line number 3
.TH TAIL 1
.SH NAME
tail \- deliver the last part of a file
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B tail
[
.RB [\f5+-\fP] \fInumber\fP [\f5lbc\fP][ rf ]
]
[
.I file
]
.PP
.B tail
[
.B -fr
]
[
.B -n
.I nlines
]
[
.B -c
.I ncharacters
]
[
.I file
]
.SH DESCRIPTION
.I Tail
copies the named file to the standard output beginning
at a designated place.
If no file is named, the standard input is copied.
.PP
Copying begins at position
.BI + number
measured from the beginning, or
.BI - number
from the end of the input.
.I Number
is counted in lines, 1K blocks or characters,
according to the appended flag
.LR l ,
.LR b ,
or
.LR c .
Default is
.B -10l
(ten ell).
.PP
The further flag
.L r
causes tail to print lines from the end of the file in reverse order;
.L f
(follow) causes
.I tail,
after printing to the end, to keep watch and
print further data as it appears.
.PP
The second syntax is that promulgated by POSIX, where the
numbers of lines (-n) or characters (-c) are specified separately as signed
integers. Note than an unsigned value is treated as negative,
ie '-n 2' is equivalent to '-n -2'.
.PP
.SH EXAMPLES
.TP
.B tail file
Print the last 10 lines of a file.
.TP
.B tail +0f file
Print a file, and continue to watch
data accumulate as it grows.
.br
According to custom, option
.BI + number
counts lines from 1, and counts
blocks and characters from 0.
.TP
.B tail -nlines +3 file
Print a file starting at line number 3