.TH LS 1.SH NAMEls, lc \- list files.SH SYNOPSIS.B ls[.B -lpmnqduntscrFT] [.IR file ...].LP.B lc[.B -lpmnqduntscrFT] [.IR file ...].SH DESCRIPTION.I Lslists the named.IR file sin an order and format determined by its options.The options determining the output format are:.TP 10.B -lProduce output in long format. The information given ineach column is as follows:.RS.IP 1.The permission mode of the file. This is formatted as 11 characters;the first is.RB ` d 'if the file is a directory,.RB ` a 'if the file is append-only,.RB ` A 'if it is an authentication file,or.RB ` - 'otherwise.The next character is.RB ` l 'if the file is exclusive-use,or.RB ` - 'otherwise.The remaining characters are in three groupsof three, each representing one permission bit. Each characteris either.RB ` r '(read permission),.RB ` w '(write permission),.RB ` x '(execute permission)or .RB ` - '(no permission).The three groups represent permissions granted for that fileto the file's owner, members of the file's group and anybody elserespectively..IP 2.The device type (this is the `#' device letter for local devicesor `M' for files mounted over a 9P connection)..IP 3.The device instance number (this distinguishes betweenseparately mounted instances of the same device)..IP 4.The file's owner..IP 5.The file's group..IP 7.The size of the file in bytes..IP 8.The date and time the file was last modified (see also the.B -uand the.B -eoptions)..IP 9.The name of the file..RE.TP.B -mPrint the name of the user who most recently modifiedthe file..TP.B -qPrint the file's.I qid(see.IR sys-stat (2))at the beginning of each line;the printed fields are in the orderpath, version, and type..TP.B -uApplicable only to the.B -land.B -toptions: causes time-sorted listings to be listed bytime of last access, and the access time to be printedin long-format listings instead of the modification time..TP.B -eApplicable only to the.B -land.B -uoptions: causes the time to be displayed as seconds since the epoch..TP.B -pPrint each filename as a bare name, without the nameof the containing directory..PPThe other options relate to the order in which the listed filesare printed, and which files are selected. Usually, each.I filethat is a directory has its contents printed. The.B -doption causes the directory itself to be listed.In a union directory, it is possible for there to betwo or more instances of a file with the same name.The.B -coption causes only the first one occurring to belisted. The options relating to ordering are:.TP 10.B -nDo not sort the files at all..TP.B -tSort by modification time (most recent first)or access time if the.B -uoption is also specified..TP.B -sSort by size (smallest first)..TP.B -rReverse the sort order..TP.B  -FAdd the character.B /after all directory namesand the character.B *after all executable files..TP.B -TPrint the character.B tbefore each file if it has the temporary flag set, and.B -otherwise..PP.I Lcis the same as.IR ls ,but sets the.B -poption and pipes the output through.IR mc (1)..SH SOURCE.B /appl/cmd/ls.b.br.B /dis/lc.SH SEE ALSO.IR readdir (2),.IR mc (1)