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/* *  linux/kernel/acct.c * *  BSD Process Accounting for Linux * *  Author: Marco van Wieringen <mvw@planets.elm.net> * *  Some code based on ideas and code from: *  Thomas K. Dyas <tdyas@eden.rutgers.edu> * *  This file implements BSD-style process accounting. Whenever any *  process exits, an accounting record of type "struct acct" is *  written to the file specified with the acct() system call. It is *  up to user-level programs to do useful things with the accounting *  log. The kernel just provides the raw accounting information. * * (C) Copyright 1995 - 1997 Marco van Wieringen - ELM Consultancy B.V. * *  Plugged two leaks. 1) It didn't return acct_file into the free_filps if *  the file happened to be read-only. 2) If the accounting was suspended *  due to the lack of space it happily allowed to reopen it and completely *  lost the old acct_file. 3/10/98, Al Viro. * *  Now we silently close acct_file on attempt to reopen. Cleaned sys_acct(). *  XTerms and EMACS are manifestations of pure evil. 21/10/98, AV. * *  Fixed a nasty interaction with with sys_umount(). If the accointing *  was suspeneded we failed to stop it on umount(). Messy. *  Another one: remount to readonly didn't stop accounting. *	Question: what should we do if we have CAP_SYS_ADMIN but not *  CAP_SYS_PACCT? Current code does the following: umount returns -EBUSY *  unless we are messing with the root. In that case we are getting a *  real mess with do_remount_sb(). 9/11/98, AV. * *  Fixed a bunch of races (and pair of leaks). Probably not the best way, *  but this one obviously doesn't introduce deadlocks. Later. BTW, found *  one race (and leak) in BSD implementation. *  OK, that's better. ANOTHER race and leak in BSD variant. There always *  is one more bug... 10/11/98, AV. * *	Oh, fsck... Oopsable SMP race in do_process_acct() - we must hold * ->mmap_sem to walk the vma list of current->mm. Nasty, since it leaks * a struct file opened for write. Fixed. 2/6/2000, AV. */ #include <linux/mm.h>#include <linux/slab.h>#include <linux/acct.h>#include <linux/capability.h>#include <linux/file.h>#include <linux/tty.h>#include <linux/security.h>#include <linux/vfs.h>#include <linux/jiffies.h>#include <linux/times.h>#include <linux/syscalls.h>#include <linux/mount.h>#include <asm/uaccess.h>#include <asm/div64.h>#include <linux/blkdev.h> /* sector_div */#include <linux/pid_namespace.h> /* * These constants control the amount of freespace that suspend and * resume the process accounting system, and the time delay between * each check. * Turned into sysctl-controllable parameters. AV, 12/11/98 */ int acct_parm[3] = {4, 2, 30};#define RESUME		(acct_parm[0])	/* >foo% free space - resume */#define SUSPEND		(acct_parm[1])	/* <foo% free space - suspend */#define ACCT_TIMEOUT	(acct_parm[2])	/* foo second timeout between checks */ /* * External references and all of the globals. */static void do_acct_process(struct bsd_acct_struct *acct,		struct pid_namespace *ns, struct file *); /* * This structure is used so that all the data protected by lock * can be placed in the same cache line as the lock.  This primes * the cache line to have the data after getting the lock. */struct bsd_acct_struct {	int			active;	unsigned long		needcheck;	struct file		*file;	struct pid_namespace	*ns;	struct list_head	list;}; static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(acct_lock);static LIST_HEAD(acct_list); /* * Check the amount of free space and suspend/resume accordingly. */static int check_free_space(struct bsd_acct_struct *acct, struct file *file){	struct kstatfs sbuf;	int res;	int act;	u64 resume;	u64 suspend; 	spin_lock(&acct_lock);	res = acct->active;	if (!file || time_is_before_jiffies(acct->needcheck))		goto out;	spin_unlock(&acct_lock); 	/* May block */	if (vfs_statfs(&file->f_path, &sbuf))		return res;	suspend = sbuf.f_blocks * SUSPEND;	resume = sbuf.f_blocks * RESUME; 	do_div(suspend, 100);	do_div(resume, 100); 	if (sbuf.f_bavail <= suspend)		act = -1;	else if (sbuf.f_bavail >= resume)		act = 1;	else		act = 0; 	/*	 * If some joker switched acct->file under us we'ld better be	 * silent and _not_ touch anything.	 */	spin_lock(&acct_lock);	if (file != acct->file) {		if (act)			res = act>0;		goto out;	} 	if (acct->active) {		if (act < 0) {			acct->active = 0;			printk(KERN_INFO "Process accounting paused\n");		}	} else {		if (act > 0) {			acct->active = 1;			printk(KERN_INFO "Process accounting resumed\n");		}	} 	acct->needcheck = jiffies + ACCT_TIMEOUT*HZ;	res = acct->active;out:	spin_unlock(&acct_lock);	return res;} /* * Close the old accounting file (if currently open) and then replace * it with file (if non-NULL). * * NOTE: acct_lock MUST be held on entry and exit. */static void acct_file_reopen(struct bsd_acct_struct *acct, struct file *file,		struct pid_namespace *ns){	struct file *old_acct = NULL;	struct pid_namespace *old_ns = NULL; 	if (acct->file) {		old_acct = acct->file;		old_ns = acct->ns;		acct->active = 0;		acct->file = NULL;		acct->ns = NULL;		list_del(&acct->list);	}	if (file) {		acct->file = file;		acct->ns = ns;		acct->needcheck = jiffies + ACCT_TIMEOUT*HZ;		acct->active = 1;		list_add(&acct->list, &acct_list);	}	if (old_acct) {		mnt_unpin(old_acct->f_path.mnt);		spin_unlock(&acct_lock);		do_acct_process(acct, old_ns, old_acct);		filp_close(old_acct, NULL);		spin_lock(&acct_lock);	}} static int acct_on(struct filename *pathname){	struct file *file;	struct vfsmount *mnt;	struct pid_namespace *ns;	struct bsd_acct_struct *acct = NULL; 	/* Difference from BSD - they don't do O_APPEND */	file = file_open_name(pathname, O_WRONLY|O_APPEND|O_LARGEFILE, 0);	if (IS_ERR(file))		return PTR_ERR(file); 	if (!S_ISREG(file_inode(file)->i_mode)) {		filp_close(file, NULL);		return -EACCES;	} 	if (!file->f_op->write) {		filp_close(file, NULL);		return -EIO;	} 	ns = task_active_pid_ns(current);	if (ns->bacct == NULL) {		acct = kzalloc(sizeof(struct bsd_acct_struct), GFP_KERNEL);		if (acct == NULL) {			filp_close(file, NULL);			return -ENOMEM;		}	} 	spin_lock(&acct_lock);	if (ns->bacct == NULL) {		ns->bacct = acct;		acct = NULL;	} 	mnt = file->f_path.mnt;	mnt_pin(mnt);	acct_file_reopen(ns->bacct, file, ns);	spin_unlock(&acct_lock); 	mntput(mnt); /* it's pinned, now give up active reference */	kfree(acct); 	return 0;} /** * sys_acct - enable/disable process accounting * @name: file name for accounting records or NULL to shutdown accounting * * Returns 0 for success or negative errno values for failure. * * sys_acct() is the only system call needed to implement process * accounting. It takes the name of the file where accounting records * should be written. If the filename is NULL, accounting will be * shutdown. */SYSCALL_DEFINE1(acct, const char __user *, name){	int error = 0; 	if (!capable(CAP_SYS_PACCT))		return -EPERM; 	if (name) {		struct filename *tmp = getname(name);		if (IS_ERR(tmp))			return (PTR_ERR(tmp));		error = acct_on(tmp);		putname(tmp);	} else {		struct bsd_acct_struct *acct; 		acct = task_active_pid_ns(current)->bacct;		if (acct == NULL)			return 0; 		spin_lock(&acct_lock);		acct_file_reopen(acct, NULL, NULL);		spin_unlock(&acct_lock);	} 	return error;} /** * acct_auto_close - turn off a filesystem's accounting if it is on * @m: vfsmount being shut down * * If the accounting is turned on for a file in the subtree pointed to * to by m, turn accounting off.  Done when m is about to die. */void acct_auto_close_mnt(struct vfsmount *m){	struct bsd_acct_struct *acct; 	spin_lock(&acct_lock);restart:	list_for_each_entry(acct, &acct_list, list)		if (acct->file && acct->file->f_path.mnt == m) {			acct_file_reopen(acct, NULL, NULL);			goto restart;		}	spin_unlock(&acct_lock);} /** * acct_auto_close - turn off a filesystem's accounting if it is on * @sb: super block for the filesystem * * If the accounting is turned on for a file in the filesystem pointed * to by sb, turn accounting off. */void acct_auto_close(struct super_block *sb){	struct bsd_acct_struct *acct; 	spin_lock(&acct_lock);restart:	list_for_each_entry(acct, &acct_list, list)		if (acct->file && acct->file->f_path.dentry->d_sb == sb) {			acct_file_reopen(acct, NULL, NULL);			goto restart;		}	spin_unlock(&acct_lock);} void acct_exit_ns(struct pid_namespace *ns){	struct bsd_acct_struct *acct = ns->bacct; 	if (acct == NULL)		return; 	spin_lock(&acct_lock);	if (acct->file != NULL)		acct_file_reopen(acct, NULL, NULL);	spin_unlock(&acct_lock); 	kfree(acct);} /* *  encode an unsigned long into a comp_t * *  This routine has been adopted from the encode_comp_t() function in *  the kern_acct.c file of the FreeBSD operating system. The encoding *  is a 13-bit fraction with a 3-bit (base 8) exponent. */ #define	MANTSIZE	13			/* 13 bit mantissa. */#define	EXPSIZE		3			/* Base 8 (3 bit) exponent. */#define	MAXFRACT	((1 << MANTSIZE) - 1)	/* Maximum fractional value. */ static comp_t encode_comp_t(unsigned long value){	int exp, rnd; 	exp = rnd = 0;	while (value > MAXFRACT) {		rnd = value & (1 << (EXPSIZE - 1));	/* Round up? */		value >>= EXPSIZE;	/* Base 8 exponent == 3 bit shift. */		exp++;	} 	/*	 * If we need to round up, do it (and handle overflow correctly).	 */	if (rnd && (++value > MAXFRACT)) {		value >>= EXPSIZE;		exp++;	} 	/*	 * Clean it up and polish it off.	 */	exp <<= MANTSIZE;		/* Shift the exponent into place */	exp += value;			/* and add on the mantissa. */	return exp;} #if ACCT_VERSION==1 || ACCT_VERSION==2/* * encode an u64 into a comp2_t (24 bits) * * Format: 5 bit base 2 exponent, 20 bits mantissa. * The leading bit of the mantissa is not stored, but implied for * non-zero exponents. * Largest encodable value is 50 bits. */ #define MANTSIZE2       20                      /* 20 bit mantissa. */#define EXPSIZE2        5                       /* 5 bit base 2 exponent. */#define MAXFRACT2       ((1ul << MANTSIZE2) - 1) /* Maximum fractional value. */#define MAXEXP2         ((1 <<EXPSIZE2) - 1)    /* Maximum exponent. */ static comp2_t encode_comp2_t(u64 value){	int exp, rnd; 	exp = (value > (MAXFRACT2>>1));	rnd = 0;	while (value > MAXFRACT2) {		rnd = value & 1;		value >>= 1;		exp++;	} 	/*	 * If we need to round up, do it (and handle overflow correctly).	 */	if (rnd && (++value > MAXFRACT2)) {		value >>= 1;		exp++;	} 	if (exp > MAXEXP2) {		/* Overflow. Return largest representable number instead. */		return (1ul << (MANTSIZE2+EXPSIZE2-1)) - 1;	} else {		return (value & (MAXFRACT2>>1)) | (exp << (MANTSIZE2-1));	}}#endif #if ACCT_VERSION==3/* * encode an u64 into a 32 bit IEEE float */static u32 encode_float(u64 value){	unsigned exp = 190;	unsigned u; 	if (value==0) return 0;	while ((s64)value > 0){		value <<= 1;		exp--;	}	u = (u32)(value >> 40) & 0x7fffffu;	return u | (exp << 23);}#endif /* *  Write an accounting entry for an exiting process * *  The acct_process() call is the workhorse of the process *  accounting system. The struct acct is built here and then written *  into the accounting file. This function should only be called from *  do_exit() or when switching to a different output file. */ /* *  do_acct_process does all actual work. Caller holds the reference to file. */static void do_acct_process(struct bsd_acct_struct *acct,		struct pid_namespace *ns, struct file *file){	struct pacct_struct *pacct = &current->signal->pacct;	acct_t ac;	mm_segment_t fs;	unsigned long flim;	u64 elapsed;	u64 run_time;	struct timespec uptime;	struct tty_struct *tty;	const struct cred *orig_cred; 	/* Perform file operations on behalf of whoever enabled accounting */	orig_cred = override_creds(file->f_cred); 	/*	 * First check to see if there is enough free_space to continue	 * the process accounting system.	 */	if (!check_free_space(acct, file))		goto out; 	/*	 * Fill the accounting struct with the needed info as recorded	 * by the different kernel functions.	 */	memset(&ac, 0, sizeof(acct_t)); 	ac.ac_version = ACCT_VERSION | ACCT_BYTEORDER;	strlcpy(ac.ac_comm, current->comm, sizeof(ac.ac_comm)); 	/* calculate run_time in nsec*/	do_posix_clock_monotonic_gettime(&uptime);	run_time = (u64)uptime.tv_sec*NSEC_PER_SEC + uptime.tv_nsec;	run_time -= (u64)current->group_leader->start_time.tv_sec * NSEC_PER_SEC		       + current->group_leader->start_time.tv_nsec;	/* convert nsec -> AHZ */	elapsed = nsec_to_AHZ(run_time);#if ACCT_VERSION==3	ac.ac_etime = encode_float(elapsed);#else	ac.ac_etime = encode_comp_t(elapsed < (unsigned long) -1l ?	                       (unsigned long) elapsed : (unsigned long) -1l);#endif#if ACCT_VERSION==1 || ACCT_VERSION==2	{

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