//------------------------------------------------------------------------------// name: pulse.ck// desc: basic demo using PulseOsc UGen to do pulse width modulation//// This UGen defines an oscillator that uses Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), a// process that allows for the control of the width of output pulses while// keeping the frequency constant. The on/off ratio of the signal is called the// "duty cycle". A pulse wave may be thought of as a square wave with adjustable// time between cycles. A square wave has a duty cycle of 50% -- alternating// between "on" and "off" in equal proportions. A duty cycle of 75% would mean// the pulse signal is "on" three times as long as it is "off" in one cycle.// The PulseOsc UGen can be used to create sound, or to control other signals!//// author: Alex Han// date: Spring 2023//------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // connectPulseOsc pulse => dac;// set gainpulse.gain( .2 );// set frequencypulse.freq( 110 ); // The key characteristic of PulseOsc is the ability to set the pulse width// (i.e. duty cycle). When the pulse wave is used to create sound, varying// the duty cycle affects the timbre. This demo shows how the timbre changes// significantly with small changes to the pulse width. // time loopwhile( true ){    for( int i; i < 20; i++ )    {        // .width() takes a float from 0.0 to 1.0        pulse.width( .05 * i );        // print        chout <= "current duty cycle: " <= pulse.width();        // floating point equality        if( Math.equal( pulse.width(), .5) )        {chout <= " <- this is just a square wave!";}        // newline        chout <= IO.newline();        // next time step        .5::second => now;    }} // for more PWM fun...// 1) smoothly vary the pulse width (using a small time scale)// 2) filter the sound (e.g., with LPF)