.TH FCALL 2.SH NAMEFcall, convS2M, convD2M, convM2S, convM2D, fcallfmt, dirfmt, dirmodefmt, read9pmsg, statcheck, sizeS2M, sizeD2M \- interface to Plan 9 File protocol.SH SYNOPSIS.B #include <u.h>.br.B #include <libc.h>.br.br.B #include <fcall.h>.PP.Buint convS2M(Fcall *f, uchar *ap, uint nap).PP.Buint convD2M(Dir *d, uchar *ap, uint nap).PP.Buint convM2S(uchar *ap, uint nap, Fcall *f).PP.Buint convM2D(uchar *ap, uint nap, Dir *d, char *strs).PP.Bint dirfmt(Fmt*).PP.Bint fcallfmt(Fmt*).PP.Bint dirmodefmt(Fmt*).PP.Bint read9pmsg(int fd, uchar *buf, uint nbuf).PP.Bint statcheck(uchar *buf, uint nbuf).PP.Buint sizeS2M(Fcall *f).PP.Buint sizeD2M(Dir *d).SH DESCRIPTIONTheseroutines convert messages in the machine-independent format ofthe Plan 9 file protocol,9P, to and from a more convenient form,an.B Fcallstructure:.PP.EX.if n .ta 4n +6n +5n +6n +18n +4n.if t .ta \w'xxxx'u +\w'short 'u +\w'xxxx'u +\w'ushort 'u +\w'ticket[TICKETLEN]; 'u +\w'/* 'u#define MAXWELEM 16 typedefstruct Fcall{ uchar type; u32int fid; ushort tag; union { struct { u32int msize; /* Tversion, Rversion */ char *version; /* Tversion, Rversion */ }; struct { ushort oldtag; /* Tflush */ }; struct { char *ename; /* Rerror */ }; struct { Qid qid; /* Rattach, Ropen, Rcreate */ u32int iounit; /* Ropen, Rcreate */ }; struct { Qid aqid; /* Rauth */ }; struct { u32int afid; /* Tauth, Tattach */ char *uname; /* Tauth, Tattach */ char *aname; /* Tauth, Tattach */ }; struct { u32int perm; /* Tcreate */ char *name; /* Tcreate */ uchar mode; /* Tcreate, Topen */ }; struct { u32int newfid; /* Twalk */ ushort nwname; /* Twalk */ char *wname[MAXWELEM]; /* Twalk */ }; struct { ushort nwqid; /* Rwalk */ Qid wqid[MAXWELEM]; /* Rwalk */ }; struct { vlong offset; /* Tread, Twrite */ u32int count; /* Tread, Twrite, Rread */ char *data; /* Twrite, Rread */ }; struct { ushort nstat; /* Twstat, Rstat */ uchar *stat; /* Twstat, Rstat */ }; };} Fcall;.EE.EX /* these are implemented as macros */ uchar GBIT8(uchar*)ushort GBIT16(uchar*)ulong GBIT32(uchar*)vlong GBIT64(uchar*) void PBIT8(uchar*, uchar)void PBIT16(uchar*, ushort)void PBIT32(uchar*, ulong)void PBIT64(uchar*, vlong) #define BIT8SZ 1#define BIT16SZ 2#define BIT32SZ 4#define BIT64SZ 8.EE.PPThis structure is defined in.BR <fcall.h> .See section 5for a full description of 9P messages and their encoding.For all message types, the.B typefield of an.B Fcallholds one of.BR Tversion ,.BR Rversion ,.BR Tattach ,.BR Rattach ,etc. (defined in an enumerated type in.BR <fcall.h> )..B Fidis used by most messages, and.B tagis used by all messages.The other fields are used selectively by the message typesgiven in comments..PP.I ConvM2Stakes a 9P message at.I apof length.IR nap ,and uses it to fill in.B Fcallstructure.IR f .If the passed messageincluding any data for.B Twriteand.B Rreadmessagesis formatted properly,the return value is the number of bytes the message occupied in the buffer.IR ap ,which will always be less than or equal to.IR nap ;otherwise it is 0.For.B Twriteand.B Treadmessages,.B datais set to a pointer into the argument message,not a copy..PP.I ConvS2Mdoes the reverse conversion, turning.I finto a message starting at.IR ap .The length of the resulting message is returned.For.B Twriteand.B Rreadmessages,.B countbytes starting at.B dataare copied into the message..PPThe constant.B IOHDRSZis a suitable amount of buffer to reserve for storingthe 9P header;the data portion of a.B Twriteor.B Rreadwill be no more than the buffer size negotiated in the.BR Tversion/Rversionexchange, minus.BR IOHDRSZ ..PPThe routine.I sizeS2Mreturns the number of bytes required to store the machine-independent representation of the.B Fcallstructure.IR f ,including its initial 32-bit size field.In other words, it reports the number of bytes producedby a successful call to.IR convS2M ..PPAnother structure is.BR Dir ,used by the routines described in.IR stat (2)..I ConvM2Dconverts the machine-independent form starting at.I apinto.IR dand returns the length of the machine-independent encoding.The strings in the returned.B Dirstructure are stored at successive locations starting at.BR strs .Usually.B strswill point to storage immediately after the.B Diritself.It can also be a.B nilpointer, in which case the string pointers in the returned.B Dirare all.BR nil ;however, the return value still includes their length..PP.I ConvD2Mdoes the reverse translation,also returning the length of the encoding.If the buffer is too short, the return value will be.B BIT16SZand the correct size will be returned in the first.B BIT16SZbytes.(If the buffer is less that.BR BIT16SZ ,the return value is zero; therefore a correct test forcomplete packing of the message is that the return value isgreater than.BR BIT16SZ ).The macro.B GBIT16can be used to extract the correct value.The related macros with different sizes retrieve the corresponding-sized quantities..B PBIT16and its brethren place values in messages.With the exception of handling short buffers in.IR convD2M ,these macros are not usually needed except by internal routines..PPAnalogous to.IR sizeS2M ,.I sizeD2Mreturns the number of bytes required to store the machine-independent representation of the.B Dirstructure.IR d ,including its initial 16-bit size field..PPThe routine.B statcheckchecks whether the.I nbufbytes of.I bufcontain a validly formatted machine-independent.B Direntry suitable as an argument, for example, for the.B wstat(see.IR stat (2))system call.It checks that the sizes of all the elements of the the entry sum to exactly.IR nbuf ,which is a simple but effective test of validity..I Nbufand.I bufshould include the second two-byte (16-bit) length field that precedes the entry whenformatted in a 9P message (see.IR stat (5));in other words,.I nbufis 2 plus the sum of the sizes of the entry itself..I Statcheckalso verifies that the length field has the correct value (that is,.IB nbuf -2\f1).It returns.B 0for a valid entry and.B -1for an incorrectly formatted entry..PP.IR Dirfmt ,.IR fcallfmt ,and.I dirmodefmtare formatting routines, suitable for.IR fmtinstall (2).They convert.BR Dir* ,.BR Fcall* ,and.BR longvalues into string representations of the directory buffer,.B Fcallbuffer,or file mode value..I Fcallfmtassumes that.I dirfmthas been installed with format letter.L Dand.I dirmodefmtwith format letter.LR M ..PP.I Read9pmsgcalls.IR read (2)multiple times, if necessary, to read an entire 9P message into.BR buf .The return value is 0 for end of file, or -1 for error; it does not returnpartial messages..SH SOURCE.B /sys/src/libc/9sys.SH SEE ALSO.IR intro (2),.IR 9p (2),.IR stat (2),.IR intro (5)
.TH FCALL 2
.SH NAME
Fcall, convS2M, convD2M, convM2S, convM2D, fcallfmt, dirfmt, dirmodefmt, read9pmsg, statcheck, sizeS2M, sizeD2M \- interface to Plan 9 File protocol
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B #include <u.h>
.br
.B #include <libc.h>
.br
.br
.B #include <fcall.h>
.PP
.B
uint convS2M(Fcall *f, uchar *ap, uint nap)
.PP
.B
uint convD2M(Dir *d, uchar *ap, uint nap)
.PP
.B
uint convM2S(uchar *ap, uint nap, Fcall *f)
.PP
.B
uint convM2D(uchar *ap, uint nap, Dir *d, char *strs)
.PP
.B
int dirfmt(Fmt*)
.PP
.B
int fcallfmt(Fmt*)
.PP
.B
int dirmodefmt(Fmt*)
.PP
.B
int read9pmsg(int fd, uchar *buf, uint nbuf)
.PP
.B
int statcheck(uchar *buf, uint nbuf)
.PP
.B
uint sizeS2M(Fcall *f)
.PP
.B
uint sizeD2M(Dir *d)
.SH DESCRIPTION
These
routines convert messages in the machine-independent format of
the Plan 9 file protocol,
9P, to and from a more convenient form,
an
.B Fcall
structure:
.PP
.EX
.if n .ta 4n +6n +5n +6n +18n +4n
.if t .ta \w'xxxx'u +\w'short 'u +\w'xxxx'u +\w'ushort 'u +\w'ticket[TICKETLEN]; 'u +\w'/* 'u
#define MAXWELEM 16
typedef
struct Fcall
{
uchar type;
u32int fid;
ushort tag;
union {
struct {
u32int msize; /* Tversion, Rversion */
char *version; /* Tversion, Rversion */
};
struct {
ushort oldtag; /* Tflush */
};
struct {
char *ename; /* Rerror */
};
struct {
Qid qid; /* Rattach, Ropen, Rcreate */
u32int iounit; /* Ropen, Rcreate */
};
struct {
Qid aqid; /* Rauth */
};
struct {
u32int afid; /* Tauth, Tattach */
char *uname; /* Tauth, Tattach */
char *aname; /* Tauth, Tattach */
};
struct {
u32int perm; /* Tcreate */
char *name; /* Tcreate */
uchar mode; /* Tcreate, Topen */
};
struct {
u32int newfid; /* Twalk */
ushort nwname; /* Twalk */
char *wname[MAXWELEM]; /* Twalk */
};
struct {
ushort nwqid; /* Rwalk */
Qid wqid[MAXWELEM]; /* Rwalk */
};
struct {
vlong offset; /* Tread, Twrite */
u32int count; /* Tread, Twrite, Rread */
char *data; /* Twrite, Rread */
};
struct {
ushort nstat; /* Twstat, Rstat */
uchar *stat; /* Twstat, Rstat */
};
};
} Fcall;
.EE
.EX
/* these are implemented as macros */
uchar GBIT8(uchar*)
ushort GBIT16(uchar*)
ulong GBIT32(uchar*)
vlong GBIT64(uchar*)
void PBIT8(uchar*, uchar)
void PBIT16(uchar*, ushort)
void PBIT32(uchar*, ulong)
void PBIT64(uchar*, vlong)
#define BIT8SZ 1
#define BIT16SZ 2
#define BIT32SZ 4
#define BIT64SZ 8
.EE
.PP
This structure is defined in
.BR <fcall.h> .
See section 5
for a full description of 9P messages and their encoding.
For all message types, the
.B type
field of an
.B Fcall
holds one of
.BR Tversion ,
.BR Rversion ,
.BR Tattach ,
.BR Rattach ,
etc. (defined in an enumerated type in
.BR <fcall.h> ).
.B Fid
is used by most messages, and
.B tag
is used by all messages.
The other fields are used selectively by the message types
given in comments.
.PP
.I ConvM2S
takes a 9P message at
.I ap
of length
.IR nap ,
and uses it to fill in
.B Fcall
structure
.IR f .
If the passed message
including any data for
.B Twrite
and
.B Rread
messages
is formatted properly,
the return value is the number of bytes the message occupied in the buffer
.IR ap ,
which will always be less than or equal to
.IR nap ;
otherwise it is 0.
For
.B Twrite
and
.B Tread
messages,
.B data
is set to a pointer into the argument message,
not a copy.
.PP
.I ConvS2M
does the reverse conversion, turning
.I f
into a message starting at
.IR ap .
The length of the resulting message is returned.
For
.B Twrite
and
.B Rread
messages,
.B count
bytes starting at
.B data
are copied into the message.
.PP
The constant
.B IOHDRSZ
is a suitable amount of buffer to reserve for storing
the 9P header;
the data portion of a
.B Twrite
or
.B Rread
will be no more than the buffer size negotiated in the
.BR Tversion/Rversion
exchange, minus
.BR IOHDRSZ .
.PP
The routine
.I sizeS2M
returns the number of bytes required to store the machine-independent representation of the
.B Fcall
structure
.IR f ,
including its initial 32-bit size field.
In other words, it reports the number of bytes produced
by a successful call to
.IR convS2M .
.PP
Another structure is
.BR Dir ,
used by the routines described in
.IR stat (2).
.I ConvM2D
converts the machine-independent form starting at
.I ap
into
.IR d
and returns the length of the machine-independent encoding.
The strings in the returned
.B Dir
structure are stored at successive locations starting at
.BR strs .
Usually
.B strs
will point to storage immediately after the
.B Dir
itself.
It can also be a
.B nil
pointer, in which case the string pointers in the returned
.B Dir
are all
.BR nil ;
however, the return value still includes their length.
.PP
.I ConvD2M
does the reverse translation,
also returning the length of the encoding.
If the buffer is too short, the return value will be
.B BIT16SZ
and the correct size will be returned in the first
.B BIT16SZ
bytes.
(If the buffer is less that
.BR BIT16SZ ,
the return value is zero; therefore a correct test for
complete packing of the message is that the return value is
greater than
.BR BIT16SZ ).
The macro
.B GBIT16
can be used to extract the correct value.
The related macros with different sizes retrieve the corresponding-sized quantities.
.B PBIT16
and its brethren place values in messages.
With the exception of handling short buffers in
.IR convD2M ,
these macros are not usually needed except by internal routines.
.PP
Analogous to
.IR sizeS2M ,
.I sizeD2M
returns the number of bytes required to store the machine-independent representation of the
.B Dir
structure
.IR d ,
including its initial 16-bit size field.
.PP
The routine
.B statcheck
checks whether the
.I nbuf
bytes of
.I buf
contain a validly formatted machine-independent
.B Dir
entry suitable as an argument, for example, for the
.B wstat
(see
.IR stat (2))
system call.
It checks that the sizes of all the elements of the the entry sum to exactly
.IR nbuf ,
which is a simple but effective test of validity.
.I Nbuf
and
.I buf
should include the second two-byte (16-bit) length field that precedes the entry when
formatted in a 9P message (see
.IR stat (5));
in other words,
.I nbuf
is 2 plus the sum of the sizes of the entry itself.
.I Statcheck
also verifies that the length field has the correct value (that is,
.IB nbuf -2\f1).
It returns
.B 0
for a valid entry and
.B -1
for an incorrectly formatted entry.
.PP
.IR Dirfmt ,
.IR fcallfmt ,
and
.I dirmodefmt
are formatting routines, suitable for
.IR fmtinstall (2).
They convert
.BR Dir* ,
.BR Fcall* ,
and
.BR long
values into string representations of the directory buffer,
.B Fcall
buffer,
or file mode value.
.I Fcallfmt
assumes that
.I dirfmt
has been installed with format letter
.L D
and
.I dirmodefmt
with format letter
.LR M .
.PP
.I Read9pmsg
calls
.IR read (2)
multiple times, if necessary, to read an entire 9P message into
.BR buf .
The return value is 0 for end of file, or -1 for error; it does not return
partial messages.
.SH SOURCE
.B /sys/src/libc/9sys
.SH SEE ALSO
.IR intro (2),
.IR 9p (2),
.IR stat (2),
.IR intro (5)